Organizational Change Research Proposal Essay Example

Organizational Change Research Proposal Paper Since the early ages, the society was divided into different social classes. As the time passed and people started acquiring professions this division has also spread in that field. It became so that people from lower classes with lower income would not choose to acquire higher or even secondary education, but would prefer to work on the crafts that often ran in their families for generations. At the same time people from wealthier families and higher social classes would tend to enter universities, get a degree or even a couple and then start working good jobs with high salaries. Globalization and modernization have switched the perception of classes a nudge. Today the belief that only people from wealthy families may work as lawyers, doctors, and engineers does not apply. This made it possible for people of all classes to pursue the profession of their dream. Furthermore, more and more often we see that blue-collar, manufacturing and other low-end jobs decline. As the high-end jobs became popular recruiters started seeking different skills and levels of education. This is one of the changes that emergence of high-end jobs brought along. Such jobs are mostly concentrated in the cities’ downtowns and are critical to the information economy, such as financial management, computer services, and marketing. Thus, high-end jobs has caused the change in the way cities were populated, because occupying the downtown, they have moved middle-end and low-end jobs either to suburban locations or to other areas or countries with lower labor costs. We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Change Research Proposal specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Change Research Proposal specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Change Research Proposal specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We are currently experiencing one of the strongest and most overwhelming finical crises ever. I assume that the crisis will bring significant changes to the high-end jobs. We already see that many people holding such jobs are getting fired, due to the insolvency of big companies. As the consumer confidence keeps falling, I can predict that this will hurt the sector even more, thus more people will be affected. I also believe that those left without jobs would have a hard time finding new occupations, because they do not usually possess any practical low-end work experience that is needed right now. Thus, the forecasts for the high-end workers and the industry in general are not bright. It is remarkable that over the last three decades the world population figures have grown outstandingly. In fact, the world population has increased to around six billion people, and it is projected to reach 9 billion by the middle of the twenty-first century. Though, of course, the projected additions to world population have been, and will stay to be extremely uneven around the world. The latter creates great difficulties. As the population size has changed so radically, many changes are taking place today in the formal structure of an organization. One of the main changes is that nowadays considerable emphasis is placed on the environment, in which the organization exists. Thus, organizations become isomorphic with their environment. Organizations are influenced by normative pressures which are placed on them, consequently they have to establish equivalence between the environment and their structural arrangements. For this purpose the theorists came up with isomorphic change mechanisms. It is very challenging for an organization to maintain the competitive advantage and to match increased environmental differentiation by patterns of differentiation within the organization. In my opinion organization should choose to apply normative method of change. I believe that this method is more useful than the other two because it relies less upon the ideas of competitors or other big corporations. Of course, when employing this method the organization will be strongly influenced by the government and other regulatory bodies. Though, as this method leads to the professionalization I consider it worth choosing. It is possible to identify four objects of change. These objects are: opponents, promoters, hidden opponents and potential promoters. The opponents have strong attitude toward change in general and the particular change. Promoters, on the other hand have a positive attitude to change and support the particular change. Hidden opponents to change have a negative attitude to change in general, though they make it seem as though they support the change suggested. Finally, potential promoters have genially good attitude to change, though for some reason they are not convinced to support the change introduced. In considering these four objects of change, it is possible to identify four methods of change that are commonly seen. These methods are accidental method, backstage method, controlled method, and debate method. Accidental method is a high-risk strategy that relies upon the trust of the organization to adopt any changes that are promoted by the managers. This method tries to see why problems happen and seeks to implement change in a gentle way. In my opinion, this method should be used when dealing with opponents in order to make the process of change as smooth as possible. Backstage method relies fully on preparation. When this method is used people do not even notice that the change has occurred. I consider that this method should be used with opponents and hidden opponents, because it is not as visible as the accidental and debate methods. The controlled method is based upon a deterministic framework, meaning that managers make the assumption and control the future according to a set of rules. This method is best to be used with promoters who are willing to support any change. The debate method is used very widely, for its sake workshops are created and decisions to implement change are taken openly. This method should be used when dealing with promoters or potential promoters because it allows to clearly see the picture of change. If I was about to implement change, I would use the debate method because I consider that good ideas can be generated only with help of discussion. Thus, I would be willing to hear all what the objects of change have to say.

The eNotes Blog 5 Jack London Quotes About Life andMeaning

5 Jack London Quotes About Life andMeaning Jack London was born on this day in 1876. Decades after his time on earth, many of us still hold The Call of the Wild,  To Build a Fire,  White Fang, and his  other works  close to our hearts fraught with wanderlust. His writing  instills a sense of adventure, enjoyed by young and old readers alike to this day. Here are  five of our favorite quotes that reflect Londons voice and  resilient nature, as he instructs us to live a proper life to the fullest. The proper function of man is to live, not to exist. I shall not waste my days in trying to prolong them. I shall use my time. He lacked the wisdom an the only way for him to get it was to buy it with his youth; and when wisdom was his, youth would have been spent buying it. The trouble with his was that he was without imagination. He was quick and alert in the things of life, but only in the things, and not in the  significances. I write for no other purpose than to add to the beauty that now belongs to me. I write a book for no other reason than to add three or four hundred acres to my magnificent estate. There is an ecstasy that marks the summit of life, and beyond which life cannot rise. And such is the paradox of living, this  ecstasy  comes when one is most alive and it comes as a complete forgetfulness that  one is alive.

The Statute of Fraud Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Statute of Fraud - Essay Example The Wikipedia definition further explains that traditionally a Statue of Fraud has been required in circumstances where the contract relates to Marriage, or cannot be performed within one year, or where it concerns transfer of interests in land, or where it relates to a contract by the executor of a will to pay a debt of an estate with their own money, contracts for the sale of goods above a certain value and finally in contracts where one party becomes a surety or acts as a guarantor. In the Free Dictionary by Farlex, the Statue of Fraud is described as a type of state law that was modeled after an old English Law. This further goes on to add the Statue of Fraud has been adopted by the US from English Law dating back to the year 1677. This US Law acts as a defense in a breach of contract lawsuit. "This has been designed to prevent the possibility of a nonexistent agreement between two parties being proved by perjury or fraud". Therefore, under this law, it is necessary that a writte n note or memorandum of agreement be drawn up if a particular contract is to be enforced. Simply said, that Statue of Fraud ensures that a written agreement exists between two parties in certain types of contracts described previously in this paragraph. Larson (2003) has described that the Statue of Fraud requires that certain contracts be in writing and that they are to be signed by all parties to be bound by the contract. Contracts involving the sale or transfer of land, contract to answer for the debt or duty of another and contract by its term which cannot be completed within a year and the contract for the sale of goods under the uniform commercial code fall under the category of the Statue of Fraud. The origins of the Statue of Fraud can be traced back to 1677 and to the English Statutory law passed during the said period. The Statue of Fraud was established with intentions to prevent injury from fraudulent conduct. Stuckey (2003) has related the statute of fraud to the presen t era of the information age and said "It is important to note at the outset that the Statute of Frauds is one of the most important legal issues for electronic contracting. The Statute of Frauds designates which types of contracts are not enforceable unless memorialized in a signed writing. Most states have enacted some version of the Statute of Frauds, either in its common law or Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) forms". This highlights the importance of the Statute of Frauds and its relevance to the modern day where a bulk of the contracting may be done using the electronic media. According to Raysman, Pisacreta, Adler, and Seth (1999), "Both the UCC and UCITA require a signed writing or in UCITA's terms, an authenticated, record in connection with agreements beyond those specified by the common law. For instance, the UCC imposes the requirement on contracts for the sale of goods of a price of $500 or more of for lease contracts whose total payments are $1,000 or more while UCITA requires an authenticated record of contracts requiring payment of a contract fee of $5,000 or more".  

Pre lab springs Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Pre lab springs - Assignment Example The theoretical y-intercept in the standards equation of a straight line compares (corresponds) to the determined value of T2. The slope (constant) is normally represented by the value of m in the standards equation of a straight line and in this case corresponds to K d. c. Again, compare the standard form of the equation for a straight line and the result for part (a), what should the theoretical value for the y-intercept be in terms of constants and the dynamical spring constant k d and m0 the effective mass of the spring? In terms of the y-intercept (and other known values), what is the value of the effective mass of the spring m0? As argued above, the standard equation of a straight line is y= mx +c. This equation implies that y is the same as c since it is the value where the line cuts the y-axis. C is the intercept on the y-axis. In comparison, if T2 compares to y, and T2=1.61, then it means that the straight line of the graph of T2 against m cuts the x-axis at 1.61. This value depends on the constant K d, since the spring constant results from the resultant forces applied on the spring, the restoring force and the mass, mo applied on the

FLSA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

FLSA - Essay Example According to this act overtime is defined as "time actually spent in worked after a prescribed threshold.† This Act give exemptions to some of the employees from its provision of minimum wage and overtime pay as well as it also exempts some particular employees only from its provision of the overtime. As these exemptions are defined narrowly, Suzy should have to contact the Wage and Hour Division office in the local area in order to check whether or not the terms and conditions would support her complaint. There are only some issues drawn in here, which can be considered under the guidelines of Department of Labor. From en entirely legal point of view, the former employer currently offering the benefits must bargain with the participants of the insurance plan, or a fair percentage must be considered. Since completely abandoning the policy may result in financial distress to a lot of employees as mentioned by the HR, an alternative plan must be sought that the company may pursue keeping in view the financial condition of the company as well as that of its employees. In order to have a better decision, employees may be involved and suggestions may be welcomed from the employees and the overall financial condition of the company may be conveyed to them, so that a better understanding may result of the

Personal And Professional Development | Social Work

Personal And Professional Development | Social Work The aim of this essay is to critically evaluate my readiness to start counselling employment. There will be a number of key issues integrated into this essay that will explore my learning needs in the context of my professional counselling. These will include personal reflexive and reflective practice where I will introduce Argyris Schons ( 1974) Increasing Professional Effectiveness Model, self awareness, issues of difference, placements and supervision. I will discuss the values and moral qualities of the BACP ethical framework in relation to experiences of my placement. I shall discuss and explore the importance of professional boundaries along with contracts within the counselling setting. I will introduce Kolbs experiential learning inventory and apply its elements to how it has influenced my learning since starting my counselling degree and how it has become a part of who I am. In relation to placement and supervision I hope to discuss some of my experiences with clients in therapy, the organisation in terms of policies and procedures, as well as how I found the experience of supervision to be. In relation to this I will also discuss beginnings and endings, my feelings around both and how I manage these. I will discuss the topic of stress and burn out and strategies for preventing the risk of this as I prepare myself for a career in the field of counselling. The end is near, my counselling journey I mean and although I am full of mixed emotions revolving around the end, I am at a stage of this journey where I feel comfortable in relation to who I am and where I am going in terms of a career in counselling. All endings bring mixed emotions, for some it is change, rebirth and goodbyes, for me it is the question of what is expected of me next and will I meet these expectations. Schon (2001) states that change is a fundamental feature of modern life. I never had many negative experiences around beginnings and I think one of the reasons for this is because of my top character strength which is social intelligence. I always seem to be aware of the motives and feelings of others and know what to do to put people at ease along with knowing what to do to fit in to various social situations. Although in saying this I found making the contracts with my clients a difficult task. It wasnt that my clients didnt want to make the contract, the difficult part was collaboratively working together on a contract that best fitted each client, bearing in mind two of them were under eight years of age. I successfully managed to make a contract with each of my clients and it was a great experience, for two of them were pieces of clay. According to Molteni and Garske (1983) contracts may increase compliance with the processes of the therapeutic process. Endings on the other hand are not as easy for me, I understand they are part of life and sometimes we need to end so we can grow and develop as individuals. This course and especially this module has helped me to bring these fears and emotions into awareness and reflect on them so I can understand what lies behind them. It is important for individuals to let go and move on as this is like the child leaving home for the very first time. The child needs to leave to gain independence and knowledge about the world. I seem to be experiencing quite a lot of endings this year in particular. I have just recently finished a placement where I was working as a trainee counsellor with children. I have been working with three clients close to a year and was quite worried at how these endings would go. Along with the ending work with my clients I was also ending with my supervisor who has been very supportive of me during my time there, I never once felt isolated or alone. I am quite pleased to say that these endings went extremely well as I have been working hard for a number of months with my clients on them. During these months I would make small endings at the end of each session as it was like a countdown for my clients so when we got to the final session it wasnt a big dramatic ending, they were well aware and ready for it. I feel extremely proud of the therapeutic work I have done with each of my clients. It was not easy at times but I persevered and learned a lot from my struggles. It is not easy to hear a child introduce erotic material but I coped well. On reflection of these endings in particular, I was surprised at how well I managed my own, I have come to the understanding that I managed mine so well because I knew my clients where ready to end and move on. This allowed me the incentive to then manage mine so well. I love the metaphor that Dallas and Stedman (2009) use to describe reflection. They describe it as a mirror reflecting our own image back to us (Dallas and Stedman 2009). Dallos and Stedman (2009) suggest that reflective practice is best seen as a process of analysing and reanalysing important episodes of activity. The term reflection in action is used to refer to the spontaneous act of reflecting in the moment (Dallas and Stedman 2009). I have had a lot of these spontaneous acts and found myself at times getting lost in them. When working with children, metaphor and symbols act for a lot of the communication. I have often found myself questioning something in my head while I am reflecting in action and at times had to snap myself out of it as I was aware my focus was coming away from the client. Reflecting on action which Dallas and Stedman (2009) call reflexivity is a great way to question what was going on for me at that time and what was it about that particular episode that I lost my focus. I find reflection is a great strategy for promoting self care. For me this means quiet time for myself to reflect and get lost in my own cognitions without being disturbed. I feel it is important to look after ones self as this can prevent the cause of stress and burnout. Also by having quiet time to yourself to mull over the day or week that has passed is an excellent way to manage ones stress. The feedback from supervision has been outstanding with reference to how quickly I built trusting relationships with my clients and the depth I was able to work at despite this being my first year of any placement. The experience around ending with my supervisor was another healthy ending. I think the biggest reason for this is after all of the positive feedback I received from her I knew I was then ready to end. This brings me to the conclusion that it isnt really the endings I have trouble with, it has more to do with how I end. What I mean is that I may not deal with a spontaneous ending as well as one I know is coming, which makes sense. Although saying this I know I would handle it better than I think I would. My counselling endings remind me of personal endings I have experienced in the past. The ending that comes to mind is when I left my family home in Ireland for the first time. I remember how lonesome I felt after moving away as myself and my family are very close. It was like the end of an era and even though I visit them quite often, every time I leave them to come back to London, its another ending in itself. In relation to ending with my clients, if I ended and seen that they werent ready to end, or that I knew I hadnt been doing all I could to apply emotional support to my them, then I am sure the endings would not have went so smooth for me. I have learned a valuable lesson from these ending experiences, although they went well, its ok that I feel sad, it shows that I care. The feelings I have are quite calm and peaceful , of course I wont forget my first clients and I will think about them from time to time but the important thing for me is that I dont have any emotional ties with them so It is ok for me to think about them and move on. I really dont think these endings would have gone as well if it hadnt been for all of the support I received from supervision. My supervisor and I jelled straight away and because of my honesty and openness in supervision it allowed us to examine my work in depth and maximise my learning. I feel the greatest compliment I have received from supervision is being told that I have begun to develop my own internal supervisor. Ongoing supervision is a requirement of the BACP (2010). The BACP (2010) believes that supervision can positively contribute to the maintenance and development of ethical professional practice. In my opinion it is a necessity for all counsellors to have ongoing supervision to support counsellors, to enhance effective practice and a supervisor can act as a safety net for the counsellor. According to Feltham (2010) supervision is mandatory for all counsellors regardless of their experience even if it is difficult to find a suitable supervisor. The atmosphere always seemed quite calm and relaxed which I enjoyed. I like to avoid confrontation at all costs, a negative atmosphere in the work place doesnt just effect who is involved in it but affects everyone. This can have quite a negative effect on the job that one is doing and the clients whom we are working with. It can also lead to stress and burn out as research has shown that people who dont feel supported and are not happy in the work place are more prone to stress (Salami 2011). I am quite lucky as I have very rarely experienced confrontation in the work place. On the rare occasion that I have, I dealt with it by discussing the problem and having it out in the open. We were then able to keep our professional heads, get past it and focus on the job at hand. Money could not by the experiences I have had on my placement. I followed all the rigorous procedures for dealing with a child protection matter which I dealt with very well and in context to the BACP (2010) ethical framework. When placing myself in the context of values, moral qualities and personal boundaries of the BACP (2010) Ethical Framework I feel that I am ethically mindful when delivering these services required by the BACP(2010). My moral qualities include empathy, resilience, respect, Integrity and courage. I believe one of the reasons I am so mindful comes from my therapeutic core model which is person centred (Rogers 1961). The emphasis is on creating a safe environment to discuss issues in a warm and non judgemental way. By using the core conditions effectively I feel there is little chance of harming my clients. I followed all of the Place 2 be policies and procedures from the no touch policy to holding the boundaries firmly. It was quite difficult at times to avoid my clients trying to hug me but after a while I was able to use my body to my advantage of avoiding my client hugging me as I would intuitively know when it was going to happen and was able to move my body to the side so it would be avoided, keeping in mind that I didnt want it to come across as rejection. I understand that life in general can be suffering and we dont have all the answers to our issues but it is about managing that suffering so it doesnt take over our lives. Becoming a counsellor may have different meanings for many individuals. It can be the lust for power to sit in the power chair, for others it may be the need to feel needed, for me it comes down to supporting clients emotionally so they can end as much of their suffering as possible. I believe self awareness to be one of the most significant skills I have learned during this degree. Over the duration, my self awareness has developed and I have a greater understanding of my inner and outer self. I think self awareness is crucial for understanding my own feelings as well as the clients feelings in the therapy room. I believe it is extremely important to be mindful of the diversity in the counselling profession. I am well aware of my biases towards other individuals but I will leave them outside of the therapy room. My mentality is that I am here to provide a service and why should I let my own values and beliefs get in the way of applying emotional support to an individual. I also feel that a lot of my biases come from being uneducated around a certain culture or race. I feel it is my professional duty to educate myself around these different culture so I am not creating unnecessary boundaries. Lago (2006) states that counsellors should educate themselves about the specificities of different cultures in order to develop competence for working with what has been classed as the culturally different. I have found reflection to be very useful in relation to areas of the Johari window (Evans 2007). The area in which I seem to struggle with the most is giving constructive feedback. The reason for this is the individual may misinterpret what I am saying if they feel the feedback is negative. I have enjoyed learning about the johari window (Evans 2007) and have used it in a number of different areas of my life. I found supervision to be an excellent way of acquiring my blind spots. I think personal therapy would be fundamental in relation to the johari window (Evans 2007), not only would it help to discover areas within myself but I feel talking around them may to become more aware of them. I believe this is sufficient for all trainee counsellors before they start to practice. I dont believe it is fair to start counselling without having experienced what it is like to sit in the clients chair. My plan to access a counsellor will be through a professional body such as the BACP (2010) because anyone can advertise themselves as counsellors. I believe this is the safest way as the counsellor will be an accredited member of a professional body. Personal therapy enhances professional development and relational capacities aswel as increasing personal development capacities and well being of the counsellor (Orlinsky, Schofield, Schroder and Kazantzis 2011). In conclusion of this essay I am very pleased with my development thus far, both personally as well as professionally. I feel I am shifting every time I learn something new. I am so enthusiastic about the work with clients and I feel I would benefit from fully recognising my strengths and letting my confidence grow still further. I would also benefit from further reading of a variety of different theoretical approaches which I plan to do as should every counsellor regardless of experience. I am proud of the feedback I received from my supervisor, this has influenced my competence levels as a counsellor. For further training and professional development needs I would like to work with adults using symbols and metaphor. My greatest influence has come from the work of Carl Jungs Archetypes (Jung 1961) and the magic of metaphor through working at the Place 2 be. I would also be interested in more work with children as I would like to gain more experience in this field. According to my supervisor I seem to have a natural style of being with children. I have really enjoyed working with them, it has been very experiential and exciting. I go from here in search of a new placement where I hope to get a similar experience although knowing if I dont I will learn something knew.

Picasso At The Lapin Agile Essay -- Picasso at the Lapin Agile Plays E

Picasso at the Lapin Agile From the time you enter the Falk Theatre, until the curtain rises and falls on the production of Picasso at the Lapin Agile, you are in for a treat. The play is an original work by Steve Martin with a running time of 90minutes, which feels more like 30minutes. Aside from the uncomfortable seating, this production is nothing short of wonderful. The Theatre has been transformed from a long movie Theater atmosphere to a quaint surrounding by means of risers that are placed directly on the stage. The new seating divides the old Theater in half and allows for the actors and the audience to share the same space. Not only this atmosphere that makes it wonderful but also the performances, the direction, the design and the script. Set in France in 1904, the stage is a French bar called the â€Å"Lapin Agile†, with the action of the plot involving the characters who come into the bar and their relationship to time as well as each other. The script is an abstract look at the chance meeting of historical figures and the role these meetings will have on the future. Perhaps one of the most attractive aspects of the script is its ability to ask the same questions of the audience that it does from one character to another. For example, the owner of the â€Å"Lapin Agile†, Freddy attempts to stump Albert Einstein with a mathematical problem that the audience couldn’t have enough time to equate. This style of fast paced dialogue and action fills the entire script fr...

Films semiotic analysis Essay

In every day life we are surrounded with imaginative constructs about gender: magazines, billboards, books, games, TV. They teach us what is natural every day. Which tells us how men and women differ in so many different ways. Creating myths like â€Å" You are not normal, if you won’t find anyone†, â€Å"You can’t be good without man†, many variations of â€Å"Beauty myths†. This essay will focus first on the film The Ugly Truth (Luketic, 2009) arguing about gender issues, furthermore the films The Princess Diaries (Marshall, 2001) and Legally Blond (Luketic, 2001) will be analyzed to support the argument in which the heroines portrayed as pathetic beings, not able to do anything without men, even they work on high positions in law, on television and being Princess. Essay will use Gender perspective and will answer questions like what is to be an woman and what is to be an man. The Ugly Truth film (Luketic, 2009) offers us whole range of different myth and stereotypes. The movie indicates huge difference between main hero-Mike and heroine-Abby. They are presented as a black and white. Abby – not confident, truly believe in love, excited about everything, naà ¯ve. Mike –very confident, doesn’t believe in relationship, very skeptic, and extremely arrogant, pretty straight forward. â€Å"Many aspects of masculinity myths are concerned with the assertion of toughness, stoicism, courage, and the distinguishing of this form a ‘soft’ feminity that belongs to woman†(Horrocks, 1995, p. 18) (Paraphrase) Mike is very successful, gets promoted and changes jobs few times through the movie. Whereas Abby stays at the same job at all the time. Even though she has a high position, her boss is a man. The entire film supports the idea of how important his role is and how Abby’s role is insignificant. Firstly He comments: â€Å"You are here to make sure I am ok†. Secondly at the senior management meeting, she tries to introduce her boyfriend. Meanwhile the men are completely oblivious to her and continue to talk about more important things like they support Mike for bringing two girlfriends at the dinner. Another example is there are two newscasters wife and husband, main hero claims that wife emasculating the husband by earning more money. â€Å"In relation to masculinity, it might lead us to expect that the pervasive images of men would be dominance, arrogance, and power.†( Dunlap & Johnson, 2013, p. 4)(Paraphrase) One of the popular myths is â€Å" You are not normal, if you won’t find anyone†.  These myth show the density of messages, many of them are inconsistent, that face women about work and relationships. Hersey claims that Females ambitions at work presented in films are just as important as relationships (2007). She exemplify: â€Å"In Legally Blond, sorority girl Elle Woods (Reese Witherspoon) enrolls in Harvard Law School to win back her boyfriend, only to discover that she would rather be a lawyer than a society wife. â€Å"(Hersey, 2007) But at the end of the film she is dating another lawyer and gets engaged to him. Lets parallel it to The Ugly Truth (Luketic, 2009). The heroine has a very important job, she is a producer, but there is a scene where she waits for her boyfriend to go on a date but then her boss shows up saying they have a very important meeting. Abby answers: †I can’t, I have a date with Collin†. She puts relationships as her priority. However Kosut says that women are portrayed as desperate for romance. (2012, p.111) Furthermore according to Kosut, women intend to do anything to be in a relationship, because love is represented as the greatest delineation of success. (2012, p.111). Going back to Legally Blond (Luketic, 2001), Elle Wood changes her whole life to get her boyfriend back. Mia chooses to go to the beach with a guy, leaving her friends when they need her help, because love is more important. These films reinforcing the ideology that women have to find a partner otherwise you are abnormal. † Implicit in third myth is that each woman should strive to become the chosen one; and if she does not achieve this, she is considered in some way inherently deficient.† (Worell, 2001, p.190) Romantic comedies genre pushes the ideology of finding someone, Fairytale myth of the couple ending up together and of course final kiss reapets again and again: The Ugly truth (Luketic, 2009), The Princess Diaries (Marshall, 2001), Brigit Jones’s Diary (Maguire, 2001), Pretty Woman (Marshall, 1990), Life As We Know It (Berlanti, 2010). This list can go on and on. There is no doubt that to find someone, you need to be good-looking. It is bringing up the Beauty myths, which tells us we are never perfect. Hersey has a different opinion; she thinks that the makeover moment in the films helps heroines to find their true identities rather than an effort to attract men. (2007). However Mia in The Princess Diaries (Marshall, 2001) wants to be attracted by Josh, in The Ugly Truth (Luketic, 2009) Abby agrees to make over just to get attracted by Collin. In the Pretty Women (Marshall, 1990), heroine gets makeover to be socially accepted. Signifiers of the Beauty myth: from the beginning of the films like Pretty Woman (Marshall, 1990), The Ugly Truth (Luketic, 2009), The Princess Diaries (Marshall, 2001), heroines are beautiful but social constructions tells us it would be never enough. Interesting fact is that all makeovers ruled by males. â€Å"Hollywood romantic dramas reinforce the ideology that woman entirely dependent on their male lovers.† (Gill, 2007, p. 79)(Leave quote as is) In the film The Ugly Truth (Luketic, 2009) Abby is shown as ‘a looser’, because she can’t find a boyfriend, she ruins everything on each date she goes. That’s why there is Mike fearless, confident male, who knows everything about relationships helps Abby to get her a boyfriend. But, it is also interesting to note that these women were also portrayed as dependent â€Å"submissive, less intelligent, and were usually cast in the role of homemakers† (Lovdal, 1989, p. 722) (Paraphrase) These women also managed to attend to the cooking, cleaning, house keeping, and other needs of their children and husbands†¦these tasks were perfomed while remaining immaculately attired, usually and most often in a dress, hells, and perfect make-up. (Toth & Aldoory, 2001, p. 224) (Paraphrase) For instance Abby is the main character in The Ugly truth (Luketic, 2009), waiting for her boyfriend in the most sexiest outfit, when boyfriend shows up, asking what was she doing, her answer is: â€Å"Doing the dishes† â€Å"All the beauty myths promote the idea that beauty is the most vital aspect of woman’s being. (Worell, 2001, p.190) Men will do important jobs, will help you with everything. All you have to do is to be beautiful. All gender myths are firmly connected to each other and one myth is the continuation of another one. A part of beauty myth is presentation of women as sexual objects. Again Hersey doesn’t agree with this â€Å"Yvonne Tasker argues that working women in the â€Å"New Hollywood† are often linked to sexual availability and prostitution, but these heroines’ work in journalism, international diplomacy, criminal justice and law does not make them more sexually  available to men†(2007) They are portrayed in the movies as sexual objects, for example the film The Ugly Truth (Luketic, 2009), the main hero Mike coaches the heroine Abby into thinking that if she wants to be attractive to man she has to be sexually available †show your breasts and say good bye†(at the end of her date with a guy she wants to be her boyfriend), at the make over moment the Mike says to Abby : â€Å"a man needs something to grab on other than your ass†, †you have to be two people a librarian and a stripper †, †what’s wrong with comfort and efficiency?- nothing, except no one wants to fuck it †, †we need a bra for my friend that they can stand up and say hello† In addition Hersey says â€Å"Elle is more obviously sexual, but her sexuality is always dignified even when Warner’s fiancà ©e tricks her into attending a party wearing a Playboy Bunny outfit†(2007). Legally Blond (Luketic, 2001) is filled with sexuality, the entire movie is banter over what is it to be a woman. Worell certifies there are â€Å"Media stereotypes that suggest there are expected roles for women including women as sexual objects, women as submissive and less knowledgeable.† (2001, p.703)(Paraphrase) The myth is that women are not able to do anything except be a sexy doll-Barbie. Moreover clothing and hair color are key signifiers, with Elle choosing the colour pink for her clothes and her hair is blonde. Elle is portrayed as ditzy and scatty and that her being selected for Harvard because she is hot and pretty. â€Å"Beauty myths give meaning to women’s beauty as they serve to upholds the importance of attractiveness in women’s lives.† (Worell, 2001, p.190)(Paraphrase) â€Å"Ultimately, this conflation of beauty and being fosters the social control of women.† (Worell, 2001, p.190) (Paraphrase) Many people in daily life watch TV or go to the Cinema to relax and escape from every day routines. Nevertheless the entertainment sends countless messages about gender. One could argue that use of myths create ideology that affect the people in certain ways. Why? Because we see these myths repeating again and again, most of the myths became a clichà ©. â€Å"Film makers consistently place women in secondary roles, or in positions that emphasize their sexuality, weaknesses, desperation. Men, on the other hand, typically assume roles of great importance and depict characters who are adventurous, charming, and strong. Although exceptions to these patterns exist, for the  most part Hollywood films continue to support traditional ideas of gender and cultivate similar ideologies.† (Kosut, 2012, p.113) (Paraphrase) Reference list: Berlanti, G. (2010). Life As We Know It [Film]. USA: Warner Bros. Pictures Dunlap, R. & Johnson, W.C. (2013). Consuming contradiction: Media, masculinity and (hetero) sexual identity. Leisure : Journal of the Canadian Association for Leisure, 37(1), 69. Gill, R. (2007). Gender and the media. Cambridge, UK: Polity. Hersey, E. (2007). Love and microphones: Romantic comedy heroines as public speakers. Journal of Popular Film & Television, 34(4), 149-158. Horrocks, R. (1995). Male myths and icons: Masculinity in popular culture. Basingstoke, Hants: St. Martins Press. Kosut, M. (2012). Encyclopedia of gender in media. Thousand Oaks, Calif: SAGE Publications. Lovdal, L. T. (1989). Sex role messages in television commercials: An update. Sex Roles, 21(11/12), 715-724. doi:10.1007/BF00289804 Luketic, R. (2009). The Ugly Truth [Film]. USA: Columbia Pictures. Luketic, R. (2001). Legally Bloned [Film]. USA: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Maguire, S. (2001). Briget Jones’s Diary [Film]. UK: Miramax Films. Marshall, G. (2001). The Princess Diaries [Film]. USA: Buena Vista Pictures. Marshall, G. (1990). Pretty Woman [Film]. USA: Buena Vista Pictures. Toth, E. L., & Aldoory, L. (2001). The gender challenge to media: Diverse voices from the field. Cresskill, N.J: Hampton Press. Worell, J. (2001). Encyclopedia of women and gender: Sex similarities and differences and the impact of society on gender. San Diego, Calif: Academic Press.

Discuss Christian Views on Contraception, Marriage and Divorce Essay

Explain Christian beliefs about contraception (6) Christians believe that God created humans and that humans should ‘grow in population’ and so therefore they should reproduce naturally and grow in numbers. The Roman Catholic church believes that contraception is immoral and wrong since they regard it as artificial and unnatural since it prevents new life and this is not what God intended humans to do. God wants use to be ‘fruitful and increase in number’ they believe that sex should not carried out with no intention to create new life. Christians believe that God made most humans fertile since God has destined for use to create new life; God has planned our life even before we were born and so some Christians believe we should not interfere with God’s plan by using artificial means. The Catholic Church believes the use of contraception is sinful. Yet in today’s society, some Catholics believe that it is important to believe in our conscience and so contraception may be acceptable. This is particularly the case, were The Church of England are not against the use of contraception as it allows a couple to think about when to actually have a child and so contraception results in the child actually being wanted and loved since we should ‘love thy neighbour’. Both churches agree that contraception is acceptable if it protects the health of the couple, i.e. it stops the prevention of HIV/AIDS and so in these circumstances contraception is acceptable. 1. Explain how a Christian marriage ceremony might guide a couple in their married life (6) Christians believe a Christian marriage has vows in front of God, therefore the fact that God is a part of the ceremony the vows are extremely important since the husband and wife promise to be with one another ‘in sickness and health’ therefore these vows brings the couple closer in relationships and they can support one another since ‘It will make a helper suitable for him’ therefore the ceremony Is an act to express their love for one another and the promises that they are willing to follow. The ceremony may guide the couple in life since once they are married the ‘two will become one flesh this shows that they will equally live amongst each other and they have equal values and they should and care for each other. Prayers are held in the wedding to ask for God’s blessings therefore this leads couples into a moral way of life. The exchanging of rings is symbolic of the commitment that they have for one another and that they will always support one another in their married life. 1. ‘God would never approve of civil partnerships.’ Discuss this statement. (12) Many Christians have different opinions about civil partnerships and whether God would approve it or not. Some Christians would argue that all people should be treated the same no matter who they fall in love with, the Bible teaches that equality is very important ‘neither Jew nor Greek’ and so civil partnerships should not be judged as immoral. The Bible teaches that God loves all people since it is his creation as God made ‘man in the image of God’ and so God will still love those in a civil partnership as the Bible teaches that God treats them equally. Some Christians would also argue that God created love ‘brought her to the man’ and so if God didn’t approve of civil partnerships God would not allow people to express their love. Some Christians believe that same-sex couples should have the same freedom to marry that other couples have since they should be treated equally and God welcomes his people with love and compassion. The Bible clearly shows that God not judge others and in fact, teaches to ‘love thy neighbour’. On the other Hand The Roman Catholic Church and Church of England is against Civil partnerships as they believe it is immoral and goes against God intention to grow in numbers and ‘multiply’ the fact that new life can be created from a male and a female partnership is acceptable however a couple with the same sex cannot create new life and so goes against God ‘man lies with a man†¦detestable’ The Church believes that God gave women and men separate roles in the family- the women should care for the children at home and so therefore a couple with the same sex would result in the child not being cared for in the correct way as intended by God- therefore to some extent God may go not approve civil partnerships. Overall I believe that God would not approve of Civil marriages but may accept that they occur in today’s society, the fact that God loves all his people no matter what race, sex or appearance- this shows God treats everyone equally . God gave humans their own conscience and so to some extent it is humans’ choice as to who they fall in love with and so I believe God may accept civil partnerships. Describe Christian beliefs about Divorce (6) Christians belief a marriage is a life time commitment amongst a couple. However there are different views about divorce. The Roman Catholic Church believes that divorce is immoral since during the couple’s marriage ceremony they have said vows to one another in front of God, the fact that they have promised to God that they will live together ‘in sickness and health’ shows that these promises cannot be broken, and if so, it is immoral ‘A man..be united with his wife.’. These Christians believe divorce is indissoluble. The Church believes the legal agreement is broken between a marriages but the holy agreement is not. But, the church understands that divorce can be painful and so the couple should be supported by community. Yet, the couple should try and work together to restore the marriage. Catholics sometimes annul marriages so they discount the vows made and in these cases it is acceptable. The Church of England does recognise that divorces may occur and so they should be cared for and supported by others, the church believes it has a duty to support the couple in times which are hard. The church believes it is important to try and restore the marriage in order to retain happiness and joy in society since the marriage ‘two will become one flesh’. If a divorcee wants to remarry, it is up to the vicar to agree to the marriage or not. ‘Women should always obey their husbands’ Discuss the statement. (12) To some extent, one would argue this statement is outdated since women’s roles are becoming just as important as men’s and the increase in emancipation of women shows that both men and women are treated equality. This is also shown in the Bible, as God mentions there are ‘neither Jew nor Greek’ therefore God loves and cares for women and mean just as much. And so women should not look up to men and be treated differently according to the Bible. The Bible teaches that both roles of women and men are just as important and they rely on one another to live a stable lifestyle and so this equality shows that women should not obey men. In fact the Bible teaches that all humans, including women, are given a conscience and they can choose right from wrong and so therefore women can choose whether to obey their husband or not as they have a free conscience. However, women should obey men to some extend as the man is regarded as the leader of the household and so needs respect and obedience in order to show man’s role in a household. The Bible teaches that that women should ‘submit to your husbands’

Cost of living essays

Cost of living essays Have you ever wondered who came up with the cost of living figure, well it all started in 1919 when the Department of Labor first started publishing a little book, rightly named, Cost of Living Index. This handy book has since then been the guide to the pricing of the goods and services that ordinary people use in their daily living affairs. Not only does this figure wavier, but the name was changed to Consumer Price Index, during the Civil War. With so much economical impact the Index is constantly moving up and down. The causes of change are attributed to the change in the supply and demand of goods. Yet the consumer influences it by the amount of money and credit that they can command. It is also greatly affected by the way the government regulates it and surrounding policies. This Index should be moved up and down, depending on the times, so that it assures price stability. Although, this has not always played out the way that we want it too. From 1800-1870 the price of goods rose tremendously during the times of war. The government tried to introduce the idea of greenbacks a term used for paper money. This however didnt give the expected out come. The paper money was not widely excepted and the price of goods was twice as much, if the goods were bought with greenbacks. Also contributing to the loss of confidence in the dollar from the citizens was the setbacks brought from the military. Such as the blockading of the habor, not allow imports to the U.S., and the seizure of Washington. Although after the war the prices started to drop steadily. This trend seems to continue, never the less, only because the government at the time did not know what to do. Since about the 1900s the problem with inflation increased, mainly caused by the governments efferts to try and lower the national debt because of the wars. Thus, creating the great depression and the numberous recessions we have experienced. Again ...

Linguistics and the Analysis of Poetry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Linguistics and the Analysis of Poetry - Essay Example Having conducted a solid literature review on the aspect of linguistics, the essay section will focus on subjecting theoretical provisions of the review in analyzing a real poem. In order to foster objective directionality, a thesis statement will be adopted in appraising the depth and breadth of linguistic methods in integrating the aspects of clarity and artistic interpretation within poetry. Introduction On the context of artistic interpretation, a piece of art like a poem or even a painting should elicit or invoke a desired response on the audience. Lieberman (1969) says that poetry as an art acts as a bridge between target audience and the artist. It is through appropriate employment of artistic techniques that a poet can convey his or her thoughts, feelings and emotions to the audience. Techniques used must be appropriate in order to deliver intended meaning to audience. In certain cases, inappropriate use of linguistic methods may fail to create the desired expression of an ar tist’s work. Consequently, audiences will end up interpreting the underlying piece of art in a relative rather than an absolute manner. On the contrary, use of suitable linguistic methods in poetry enables poets to impress readers through elucidating process of expression. At this juncture, the thesis for the essay asserts that both formal and informal linguistic methods does not only help in elucidating poetry for average readers but also allows these readers to apply artistic interpretation. Based on the literature review section, it is undeniable that poetry as an art employs considerable use of sound, wording sequence and wording stress in giving meaning to their work. According to Frank (1970), expression of thoughts, feelings and emotions by poets is in direct relation to the manner in which sound intensity and stress elevation are used in writings. In addition, word ordering facilitates development of themes and philosophical construct behind a poem. In most cases, a p oet may not employ all the three techniques of stress, sound and word sequence variation at every point of their work. It is common to encounter an instance where a poet only uses sound variation in creating rhyme while compromising on contextual meaning of his work. In other circumstances, a poet may employ elaborate use of contextual vocabulary as a means of enhancing thematic clarity while compromising on the aesthetic values of rhyme. According to Fowler (1967), it means that linguistic methodology allows poets to vary writing styles in order to create themes and aesthetical attributes of poems. In most cases, stylistic variation derived from suitable linguistic methods allows poets to flaunt their knowledge in the process of artistic expression while still impressing readers through clear expression of intended message. Analysis of â€Å"Paradise Lost† In order to fully understand the use of sound and vocabulary variation, we will analyze a few lines from the poem  "Paradise Lost† by John Milton. Throughout the poem, John employs substantial alteration of sound patterns in creating the indented rhyme. On the other hand, variation in vocabulary enhances development of intended message, which in this case is disobedience of man towards God. In line 14 of book 1 of the poem, Milton (2010) says,

Organisational Change Management Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Organisational Change Management - Dissertation Example The decision made, the way it should be implement and other aspects D2 will have to deal with, are analysed and explained with respect to the 5D framework. Although the decision and plan made seems to be a feasible one, its implementation and execution is of utmost importance. A regular and continuous feedback, assessment and if required, change of plan accordingly will be the key to survival of D2 Introduction This analysis is of a car components manufacturing company called D2. D2 is a France based company. It has many plants. Two are based in France, one in UK and additional plants in Spain. Since operations D2 has put in an extra effort to increase shareholder value and achieve a formidable return on its investments. This has been made possible by investing in new technology and encouraging innovation with respect to the manufacturing of products. D2 managed a competitive position in the market of manufacturing automobile parts while competing with even those manufacturing compan ies that were based in a low cost country. Ever since the economic recession has hit, the situation has changed drastically. The economic downturn has forced D2 to change it strategy and now produce fewer products and benefits from economies of scale rather than producing a whole variety of products. Secondly D2 is now more focused on cutting costs which may lead to plant closure and redundancy of staff. This is a major concern for both, the employees and management. However, the decision is yet to be announced. Appreciative Inquiry: The 5D approach Appreciative inquiry is a method of solving a problem. This was pioneered by David Cooperrider in the mid-1980s. from the Case Western Reserve University. This method can be best understood by understanding the meaning of both of the words The first word, Appreciation,  refers to the recognition of contributions or attributes of people and things that surround us. The second word, Inquiry, refers to  the act of exploring and discover ing. This reflects on the attitude of being open to any new possibilities. Combining both words together means that with the help of appreciating and acknowledging what is valuable and good with respect to the present situation. We may be able to discover the future in a positive manner. Using Appreciative Inquiry: The 5D Approach It is important to focus on the positives while applying such approach. A positive approach may help in building on ones strengths, just as conventional problem-solving may lead to minimizing ones weaknesses. Hence it is important to consider that the strategy under consideration by D2 is a feasible one. Below is an analysis of the situation of D2 with respect of the 5D framework. The 5D framework constitutes of five elements namely, Definition: the phase in which a problem is defined Discovery: the phase in which ways to solve the problem are found Dream: the phase in which a company sets up its future objectives Design: the phase that determines how thin gs should be implemented Destiny: the phase that sees the planning and implementation of the strategy Definition Before one can analyse a problem, the problem is to be defined. Economic downturn may suggest a precise definition of the problem faced by D2. It is important to understand what may happen to organisation when they face economic downturn or recession related problems. Many business analysts and researchers have narrated their views of such situations, a few of which are below. Zeidner,