6 Competitive Advantages You Will Get Crafting Best Term Papers in the Class

No matter what you study in college, odds are good you’ll have to write more than a few term papers during your time as a student. Sure, it’s tempting to make as less efforts as possible, especially if a professor is an easy grader, but taking that approach can hurt you in the long run. Students who take some time to write the best term papers can enjoy plenty of key benefits years down the road. That’s because†¦ 1. High Grades Impress Employers Imagine this situation: you’re fresh out of college, interviewing for your dream job. The company has narrowed their options down to two choices. They’re either giving the position to you, or another candidate with essentially identical qualifications and experience. To make the right decision, they’ll probably choose whichever one of you got better grades in college. Don’t sabotage your shot by doing any less than your best on your assignments. 2. Professors Can Help You Network Very often, your professors know important people in the industry you hope to work in. If they’re pleased with your works and believe that you are a dedicated, talented person, they may help you network with people who can offer you a job. Writing strong term papers is a simple way to make the best impression you can on your professors. 3. You Might Earn Scholarship It’s no secret that college can be expensive. Scholarship helps reduce your expenses, and your school probably offers several of them. That said, if you don’t have high grades, you’re not likely to earn one. Putting in some additional efforts when writing a paper can help you save a lot of money as a student. 4. You Can Join Academic Honors Societies Many colleges and universities have academic honors societies for students with the highest grades in their classes. These clubs don’t just give you the chance to socialize with your peers. They also provide you with opportunities to meet major figures in your field, figures who might secure you a job if they think you’re a hard worker. 5. You Can Write Grants Students who write strong term papers often get involved in grant writing after graduating. Some pursue a full-time career in this line of work, while others freelance for some extra money on the side. Either way, you usually need references to get your foot in the door. A professor who can vouch for the quality of your writing will be very useful to you when you’re looking for ways to earn good money after college. 6. You’ll Have a Sample Work Many employers want to see samples of your works to find out if you’re a good fit for a role. Plenty of people interview well, but not many can show off an old term paper to prove that they truly understand a particular industry. Do your best to write perfect term papers, and hold onto them for future interviews. Term papers aren’t always thrilling to write. But when you make some efforts, the reward isn’t just a high grade. If you make it a point to always submit quality work, there are many benefits to take advantage of in the future.

Pornography is Immoral Essay - 1057 Words

In recent years, the term pornography has been primarily associated with that which is accessed and streamed over the internet, rather than the literal definition of, â€Å"obscene writings, drawings, photographs, or the like, especially those having little or not artistic merit.† This form of visual pornography is a popular and successful business as it is viewed for fulfilling pent up sexual desires, however it promotes the act of having multiple sex partners without the need of any commitment. Although it is for this reason that this business is permitted, there are many overlooked, long – term affects that have become topics of controversy. Not only does pornography affect those who indulge in it, but it can influence those who divulge†¦show more content†¦Pornography has many obvious as well as not-so-obvious consequences within society. Pornography has the power to ruin marriages, destroy trust, excite a person to the point of sexual crime, or create an u nhealthy view of human sexuality and the opposite sex.† (WowEssays, Pornography) Although illegal to view or purchase any form of pornography until 18, the poll offering $100,000 for a place in pornographic content had â€Å"almost fifty percent† to â€Å"seriously consider preforming this immoral and unspeakable act.† Although their response may have based off of greed, the consequence of being in a porn magazine had no effect on their conscience, as they have been exposed to it enough to believe it is harmless and without consequence. The way the porn industry has depicted the act of sexual intercourse is influencing people to believe that sleeping around with many partners is acceptable these days, which is dishonest and immoral. In a similar aspect to the point above, pornography has influenced some to the extent that they commit an act of violence due to the explicitly and willingness found in it. Due to some of the more violent media in the porn industry, people have become less ethical over any violent act they may commit when attempting to fulfill a sexual desire. Although pornography cannotShow MoreRelatedPornography : An Art, Immoral, And An Expression Of Self976 Words   |  4 PagesPornography has created mixed feelings between groups of people. It is seen as an art, immoral, and an expression of self. Many different genres or categories of porn including; hard and soft core, lesbian/ gay, role playing, and racial just to name a few. Not only has the industry grown incredibly over the last decade, the controversy has also grown. I wish to cover both side of the issue in order to allow both sides an opportunity to shine. Pro Pornography Strip clubs, gentlemen’s clubs, chipRead MoreEssay about Pornography and The Decline of Sexual Morality1176 Words   |  5 PagesSexual morality has declined in America today. The immoral life can be seen all around us. We see it in drugs, alcohol, movies, magazines, gangs, teenage pregnancy, pre-marital sex, and society as a whole. A person can walk into almost any convenience store and purchase a magazine depicting naked women. Videos and movies with graphic sex scenes can be rented or watched in any movie theater. They have become more common than ever before. Almost everyRead MoreThe Ethical And Morality Of Pornography916 Words   |  4 Pagesof arguments about the ethical and morality of pornography. pornography is defined as the depiction of erotic behavior intended to cause sexual excitement. When it coms down to pornography, people have different opinions about it. Some people might find it moral because it gives them pleasure and it satisfies them physically. some individuals see it as a form of art that describes the figure of a human body in an artistic form. Others see it as immoral because it harms and degrades an individual. PersonallyRead Morepornography right or wronga Essay1128 Words   |  5 Pages Pornography is one of the most controversy problems that humanity faces daily. It has materialized as a somber threat to the dignity of human sexuality and its deific purpose, perplexing the very nature of man and woman and signifying the falsification of mind in the existing age today. It has infested the purity and pureness of sex promoted dilapidation of humanity and advanced the marketization of sex, among other things. As a controversy problem, the issue of pornography requiresRead MoreThe Private And Public Side Of Sexuality966 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferences between the private and public side of sexuality. These sides of human sexuality involve countless facets including pleasure, pornography, rape, premarital sex, polygamy, procreation, homosexual marriage, and love and friendship. There are a wide array of arguments of each aspect of sexuality concerning if they are private or public, a human right or immoral. I will discuss whether social and personal sexuality are one in the same or if there should be a valid distinction between them. InitiallyRead MoreThe Debate On Virtual Child Pornography734 Words   |  3 PagesLindsay Hall Thinking and Doing Ethics Professor Wisniewski November December 8, 2015 Word count 849 Case 1(Ruggiero 173). We have the debate and Supreme Court ruling in 2002 that stated the ban on ‘virtual child pornography’ was unconstitutional, and in turn, The Federal Child Pornography Prevention Act was overturned. The parties involved are the disgusting, scum of the earth who produce this ungodly entertainment for sick minded pedophiles, the US Supreme Court who have taken an oath to protectRead MoreThe World Of Industrialized And Glamorized Pornography1515 Words   |  7 PagesScrewed Hard†¦ By Society In the past few decades, what has been commonly said to be the world’s oldest profession—sex work—has quickly developed to match the growth and demand of modern media. Mainly, this accounts for the rise of internet pornography. While the increase in availability and ease of access has opened doors to frustrated, stressed, and plain old bored individuals looking for relief, but at what cost? It sells, and it sells well. Unfortunately, it also sells out. Sex is anRead MorePornography In The Media1532 Words   |  7 Pages Pornography is the portrayal of sexual subject matter for the purpose of sexual arousal. Pornography may be presented in a variety of media, including books, magazines, postcards, photographs, sculpture, drawing, painting, animation, sound recording, writing, film, video, and video games. The term applies to the depiction of the act rather than the act itself, and so does not include live exhibitions like sex shows and striptease. The primary subjects of present-day pornographic depictions areRead MoreThe Broad Term Of Freedom1646 Words   |  7 Pagesnot otherwise. Free speech can do a lot of great things but if it is not regulated it opens itself to be used in the wrong ways. One of the things I believe should not be accepted is pornography. I believe it perverts humans and it incites immoral behaviors. I would like to focus on the point that pornography degrades women and treated them as mere sexual object rather than as full persons in the process of objectification. I think porn generally portrays women as sexual mindless objects, promiscuousRead MoreImmorality of Pornography2340 Words   |  10 PagesKen Stoye Ethics 2050 - 014 April 19, 2005 The Immorality of Pornography The argument over the morality of pornography can take shape in many different ways. In order to take a stance, its important to identify what exactly is included in the definition of pornography. In this paper, pornography will be defined as sexually explicit materials in which the acts depicted degrade or subordinate women. The degradation and subordination can occur through various different acts, but in an attempt to

Leadership in a Global Environment Free Essays

Management vs. Leadership Management Leadership – Vision strategy – Keeping an eye on the horizon – Creating shared values – Helping others grow – Reducing boundaries – Focusing on people – Based on personal power – Acting as a coach – Emotional connections – Open mind – Listening – Nonconformity – Insight into self – Creates change and a culture of integrity Source: Daft (2008), p. 15 Leadership Direction: Planning budgeting – Keeping an eye on the bottom line – Organizing staffing – Directing controlling – Creating boundaries – Focusing on products – Based on position power – Acting as boss – Emotional distance – Expert mind – Talking – Conformity – Insight into organization Alignment: Relationships: Personal Qualities: Outcomes: – Maintains stability – Creates culture of efficiency De finition of culture Internet in Leadership Germany Members of a group or a society sharing a distinct way of life with common values, attitudes and behaviors that are transmitted over time in a gradual, yet dynamic process. We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership in a Global Environment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Source: Harris, J. E. / Moran, R. T. (1979). International Context Culture Bbehavior Values Attitudes Source: Adler (2002) p. 17. Values – attitudes – behavior Internet in Leadership Germany Values = explicit or implicit desirable to an individual or group = influences the selection from available modes, mearns and ends of action International Context = can be both consciously and unconsciously Attitudes = expresses values and disposes a person to act or react in a certain way to something Bbehavior = any form of human action Source: Adler ( 2002), p. 18. Linking values to behavior Internet in Leadership Germany Bbehavior Value Sample Countries/Areas China/Thailand Australia/United States 1 2 Use of understatement Asking people to call you by your first name Taking off from work to attend the funeral of an aunt Not helping the person next to you on an exam Disagreeing openly with someone at a meeting Not laying off an older worker whose performance is weak H Indirectness F Informality Centrality of family Self-reliance 3 B Venezuela/Korea International Context 4 5 6 I Switzerland/Canada Germany/England A Directness E Respect for age Japan/Pakistan 7 At a meeting agreeing with a suggestion you think is wrong D Saving face Asia generally 8 Inviting the teaboy to eat lunch with you in your office J Egalitarianism Cambodia/Vietnam 9 Asking the headmaster’s opinion about something you’re an expert on G Defence to authority India/Brazil 10 Accepting, without question that something can’t be changed C External Control Saudi Arabia/Turkey Source: www. uop. edu/sis/culture. Culture: The hidden dimension Culture has observable aspects and suspected, imagined, or intuited. Internet in Leadership Germany Holiday customs Facial expressions Paintings Food Music Eating habits Literature Concept of personal space Work ethic Gestures International Context Rules of social etiquete Religious beliefs Concept of beauty Childraising beliefs Importance of time Values Concept of leadership Concept of fairness Concept of self General world view Nature of friendship Source: www. uop. edu/sis/culture. Cultural dimensions by Hofstede Internet in Leadership Germany – based on the first and most detailed cross-cultural research study – national culture explained more of the differences in work-related values and attitudes than did position, profession, age or gender International Context 1. Power distance . Individualism 3. Masculinity 4. Uncertainty avoidance 5. Long term orientation Source: www. geert-hofstede. com. Power distance Internet in Leadership Germany 1. Power distance = degree of equality, or inequality, between people in the country’s society. International Context High Power Distance – Core value: respect for status – Core distinction: powerful/dependant – Key element: centralization Low Power Distance – Core value: people‘s equality – Core distinction: whether or not responsible for a certain task – Key element: decentralization Individualism 2. How to cite Leadership in a Global Environment, Papers

Slave Revolt Essay Example For Students

Slave Revolt Essay The American Civil War was inevitable and had numerous causes that led toit. This paper will discuss three important causes of the war the invention ofthe cotton gin, Nat Turners rebellion, and the abolitionist movement towardending slavery. There are many causes of the war, but I feel these three aresubstantial causes. Each of these events or movements created more tensionbetween the North and the South and eventually war was unavoidable. Theinvention of the cotton gin by Eli Whitney had a great effect on slavery andagriculture in the South. The cotton gin was a machine that removed the seedsfrom the cotton. Removing the seeds from the cotton was a long and tediousprocess. This invention made processing cotton relatively fast and easy. Thecotton gins speed allowed the cotton plantations to produce massive amounts ofcotton. This became very profitable. To support the harvesting of all of thecotton, more slaves were needed to run the cotton gins and harvest the cotton. This brought more slaves to America and boosted the population of slaves in theSouth. The increased number of slaves in the South actually helped heighten theproblem with slavery. Slavery was becoming more evident and people were becomingmore aware that slavery was wrong in both the North and the South. The nextcause was a slave named Nat Turner and his actions. Nat was a slave who hadfound God and religion. Gradually he built a religious following that justifieda slave revolt. On August 13, 1831, Turner says he saw a halo around the sun. Hethought that this was a sign from God to begin the revolt. This was thebeginning of Nat Turners rebellion. On August 22, 1831, Nat Turner led eightslaves to the Traviss residence, a white family, and murdered five members oftheir family. The slaves then moved across the county murdering white plantationowners, their families, and other whites that crossed their path. As the groupmoved, they gained in size at every stop that they made. Many slaves joined theoriginal eight. Not all slaves joined in on the rebellion, some stayed behindfearing that they would be stopped and killed or sentenced to harshconsequences. The group of men swelled to over seventy and managed to killfifty-eight men, women, and children including Turners slave owner. The killingspree went on for forty hours before the Virginia Militia apprehended the group. Nat Turner was able to escape capture by the Militia. Turner was able to evadeauthorities for eight days in the area near Southampton. This was until BenjaminPhipps spotted and captured Turner at gunpoint. Once in the hands ofauthorities, Turner confessed and told all of his motives for the killing spree. This killing spree caused many spin-off effects. The first effect was thetreatment that the southern slaves received after the revolt. It drasticallydeclined as the slave owners beat their slaves to put more fear into them toprevent another revolt. The next effect was the owners fear of another revolt. If more slaves had joined the revolt many more may have been killed. There was alot of tension of another revolt. The last effect that the revolt stirred up wasa heightened awareness of poor slavery conditions in the South. It drew theattention of the north to make an effort to start the abolition of slavery. Theabolitionists played an important part in influencing the Civil War andabolishing slavery. They worked hard to bring attention to cruelness of slavery. .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584 , .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584 .postImageUrl , .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584 , .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584:hover , .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584:visited , .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584:active { border:0!important; } .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584:active , .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584 .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u67c50ddae249614eb1524d522a7bd584:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Killer Angels Essay ThesisThey protested from the late 1700s until the end of the war to get slaveryabolished. Emancipation was achieved by all of the northern states by 1804. Next, slave trading was abolished 4 years later. As time goes on, theabolitionists become more radical and eventually get louder and attract morepeople on to follow the path to free that slaves. Flyers, articles and petitionsbegan spreading the word of abolishing slavery. All of the work of talking andabolishing forced the friction between the North and the South to increasesteadily. Eventually the friction increased to until the American Civil War wasstarted. The causes of the civil war are much broader than this essay. Thisessay does cover three important causes. I chose to use points from all aspectsof tension. Agriculturally, the cotton gin increased the number of slaves andmade them louder and more visible. Individuals can make their voice heard as NatTurner turned against his owners and made a stand against slavery. Finally, thehard work of the abolitionist to get laws passed and voice their views ofslavery which caused a lot of tension that divided the North and the South. These causes led America to divide and move into a long bloody battle that endedwith the Union winning and the abolition of slavery. The effects of this war arestill felt in America today

Organizational Change Research Proposal Essay Example

Organizational Change Research Proposal Paper Since the early ages, the society was divided into different social classes. As the time passed and people started acquiring professions this division has also spread in that field. It became so that people from lower classes with lower income would not choose to acquire higher or even secondary education, but would prefer to work on the crafts that often ran in their families for generations. At the same time people from wealthier families and higher social classes would tend to enter universities, get a degree or even a couple and then start working good jobs with high salaries. Globalization and modernization have switched the perception of classes a nudge. Today the belief that only people from wealthy families may work as lawyers, doctors, and engineers does not apply. This made it possible for people of all classes to pursue the profession of their dream. Furthermore, more and more often we see that blue-collar, manufacturing and other low-end jobs decline. As the high-end jobs became popular recruiters started seeking different skills and levels of education. This is one of the changes that emergence of high-end jobs brought along. Such jobs are mostly concentrated in the cities’ downtowns and are critical to the information economy, such as financial management, computer services, and marketing. Thus, high-end jobs has caused the change in the way cities were populated, because occupying the downtown, they have moved middle-end and low-end jobs either to suburban locations or to other areas or countries with lower labor costs. We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Change Research Proposal specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Change Research Proposal specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Change Research Proposal specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We are currently experiencing one of the strongest and most overwhelming finical crises ever. I assume that the crisis will bring significant changes to the high-end jobs. We already see that many people holding such jobs are getting fired, due to the insolvency of big companies. As the consumer confidence keeps falling, I can predict that this will hurt the sector even more, thus more people will be affected. I also believe that those left without jobs would have a hard time finding new occupations, because they do not usually possess any practical low-end work experience that is needed right now. Thus, the forecasts for the high-end workers and the industry in general are not bright. It is remarkable that over the last three decades the world population figures have grown outstandingly. In fact, the world population has increased to around six billion people, and it is projected to reach 9 billion by the middle of the twenty-first century. Though, of course, the projected additions to world population have been, and will stay to be extremely uneven around the world. The latter creates great difficulties. As the population size has changed so radically, many changes are taking place today in the formal structure of an organization. One of the main changes is that nowadays considerable emphasis is placed on the environment, in which the organization exists. Thus, organizations become isomorphic with their environment. Organizations are influenced by normative pressures which are placed on them, consequently they have to establish equivalence between the environment and their structural arrangements. For this purpose the theorists came up with isomorphic change mechanisms. It is very challenging for an organization to maintain the competitive advantage and to match increased environmental differentiation by patterns of differentiation within the organization. In my opinion organization should choose to apply normative method of change. I believe that this method is more useful than the other two because it relies less upon the ideas of competitors or other big corporations. Of course, when employing this method the organization will be strongly influenced by the government and other regulatory bodies. Though, as this method leads to the professionalization I consider it worth choosing. It is possible to identify four objects of change. These objects are: opponents, promoters, hidden opponents and potential promoters. The opponents have strong attitude toward change in general and the particular change. Promoters, on the other hand have a positive attitude to change and support the particular change. Hidden opponents to change have a negative attitude to change in general, though they make it seem as though they support the change suggested. Finally, potential promoters have genially good attitude to change, though for some reason they are not convinced to support the change introduced. In considering these four objects of change, it is possible to identify four methods of change that are commonly seen. These methods are accidental method, backstage method, controlled method, and debate method. Accidental method is a high-risk strategy that relies upon the trust of the organization to adopt any changes that are promoted by the managers. This method tries to see why problems happen and seeks to implement change in a gentle way. In my opinion, this method should be used when dealing with opponents in order to make the process of change as smooth as possible. Backstage method relies fully on preparation. When this method is used people do not even notice that the change has occurred. I consider that this method should be used with opponents and hidden opponents, because it is not as visible as the accidental and debate methods. The controlled method is based upon a deterministic framework, meaning that managers make the assumption and control the future according to a set of rules. This method is best to be used with promoters who are willing to support any change. The debate method is used very widely, for its sake workshops are created and decisions to implement change are taken openly. This method should be used when dealing with promoters or potential promoters because it allows to clearly see the picture of change. If I was about to implement change, I would use the debate method because I consider that good ideas can be generated only with help of discussion. Thus, I would be willing to hear all what the objects of change have to say.

The eNotes Blog 5 Jack London Quotes About Life andMeaning

5 Jack London Quotes About Life andMeaning Jack London was born on this day in 1876. Decades after his time on earth, many of us still hold The Call of the Wild,  To Build a Fire,  White Fang, and his  other works  close to our hearts fraught with wanderlust. His writing  instills a sense of adventure, enjoyed by young and old readers alike to this day. Here are  five of our favorite quotes that reflect Londons voice and  resilient nature, as he instructs us to live a proper life to the fullest. The proper function of man is to live, not to exist. I shall not waste my days in trying to prolong them. I shall use my time. He lacked the wisdom an the only way for him to get it was to buy it with his youth; and when wisdom was his, youth would have been spent buying it. The trouble with his was that he was without imagination. He was quick and alert in the things of life, but only in the things, and not in the  significances. I write for no other purpose than to add to the beauty that now belongs to me. I write a book for no other reason than to add three or four hundred acres to my magnificent estate. There is an ecstasy that marks the summit of life, and beyond which life cannot rise. And such is the paradox of living, this  ecstasy  comes when one is most alive and it comes as a complete forgetfulness that  one is alive.

The Statute of Fraud Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Statute of Fraud - Essay Example The Wikipedia definition further explains that traditionally a Statue of Fraud has been required in circumstances where the contract relates to Marriage, or cannot be performed within one year, or where it concerns transfer of interests in land, or where it relates to a contract by the executor of a will to pay a debt of an estate with their own money, contracts for the sale of goods above a certain value and finally in contracts where one party becomes a surety or acts as a guarantor. In the Free Dictionary by Farlex, the Statue of Fraud is described as a type of state law that was modeled after an old English Law. This further goes on to add the Statue of Fraud has been adopted by the US from English Law dating back to the year 1677. This US Law acts as a defense in a breach of contract lawsuit. "This has been designed to prevent the possibility of a nonexistent agreement between two parties being proved by perjury or fraud". Therefore, under this law, it is necessary that a writte n note or memorandum of agreement be drawn up if a particular contract is to be enforced. Simply said, that Statue of Fraud ensures that a written agreement exists between two parties in certain types of contracts described previously in this paragraph. Larson (2003) has described that the Statue of Fraud requires that certain contracts be in writing and that they are to be signed by all parties to be bound by the contract. Contracts involving the sale or transfer of land, contract to answer for the debt or duty of another and contract by its term which cannot be completed within a year and the contract for the sale of goods under the uniform commercial code fall under the category of the Statue of Fraud. The origins of the Statue of Fraud can be traced back to 1677 and to the English Statutory law passed during the said period. The Statue of Fraud was established with intentions to prevent injury from fraudulent conduct. Stuckey (2003) has related the statute of fraud to the presen t era of the information age and said "It is important to note at the outset that the Statute of Frauds is one of the most important legal issues for electronic contracting. The Statute of Frauds designates which types of contracts are not enforceable unless memorialized in a signed writing. Most states have enacted some version of the Statute of Frauds, either in its common law or Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) forms". This highlights the importance of the Statute of Frauds and its relevance to the modern day where a bulk of the contracting may be done using the electronic media. According to Raysman, Pisacreta, Adler, and Seth (1999), "Both the UCC and UCITA require a signed writing or in UCITA's terms, an authenticated, record in connection with agreements beyond those specified by the common law. For instance, the UCC imposes the requirement on contracts for the sale of goods of a price of $500 or more of for lease contracts whose total payments are $1,000 or more while UCITA requires an authenticated record of contracts requiring payment of a contract fee of $5,000 or more".  

Pre lab springs Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Pre lab springs - Assignment Example The theoretical y-intercept in the standards equation of a straight line compares (corresponds) to the determined value of T2. The slope (constant) is normally represented by the value of m in the standards equation of a straight line and in this case corresponds to K d. c. Again, compare the standard form of the equation for a straight line and the result for part (a), what should the theoretical value for the y-intercept be in terms of constants and the dynamical spring constant k d and m0 the effective mass of the spring? In terms of the y-intercept (and other known values), what is the value of the effective mass of the spring m0? As argued above, the standard equation of a straight line is y= mx +c. This equation implies that y is the same as c since it is the value where the line cuts the y-axis. C is the intercept on the y-axis. In comparison, if T2 compares to y, and T2=1.61, then it means that the straight line of the graph of T2 against m cuts the x-axis at 1.61. This value depends on the constant K d, since the spring constant results from the resultant forces applied on the spring, the restoring force and the mass, mo applied on the

FLSA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

FLSA - Essay Example According to this act overtime is defined as "time actually spent in worked after a prescribed threshold.† This Act give exemptions to some of the employees from its provision of minimum wage and overtime pay as well as it also exempts some particular employees only from its provision of the overtime. As these exemptions are defined narrowly, Suzy should have to contact the Wage and Hour Division office in the local area in order to check whether or not the terms and conditions would support her complaint. There are only some issues drawn in here, which can be considered under the guidelines of Department of Labor. From en entirely legal point of view, the former employer currently offering the benefits must bargain with the participants of the insurance plan, or a fair percentage must be considered. Since completely abandoning the policy may result in financial distress to a lot of employees as mentioned by the HR, an alternative plan must be sought that the company may pursue keeping in view the financial condition of the company as well as that of its employees. In order to have a better decision, employees may be involved and suggestions may be welcomed from the employees and the overall financial condition of the company may be conveyed to them, so that a better understanding may result of the

Personal And Professional Development | Social Work

Personal And Professional Development | Social Work The aim of this essay is to critically evaluate my readiness to start counselling employment. There will be a number of key issues integrated into this essay that will explore my learning needs in the context of my professional counselling. These will include personal reflexive and reflective practice where I will introduce Argyris Schons ( 1974) Increasing Professional Effectiveness Model, self awareness, issues of difference, placements and supervision. I will discuss the values and moral qualities of the BACP ethical framework in relation to experiences of my placement. I shall discuss and explore the importance of professional boundaries along with contracts within the counselling setting. I will introduce Kolbs experiential learning inventory and apply its elements to how it has influenced my learning since starting my counselling degree and how it has become a part of who I am. In relation to placement and supervision I hope to discuss some of my experiences with clients in therapy, the organisation in terms of policies and procedures, as well as how I found the experience of supervision to be. In relation to this I will also discuss beginnings and endings, my feelings around both and how I manage these. I will discuss the topic of stress and burn out and strategies for preventing the risk of this as I prepare myself for a career in the field of counselling. The end is near, my counselling journey I mean and although I am full of mixed emotions revolving around the end, I am at a stage of this journey where I feel comfortable in relation to who I am and where I am going in terms of a career in counselling. All endings bring mixed emotions, for some it is change, rebirth and goodbyes, for me it is the question of what is expected of me next and will I meet these expectations. Schon (2001) states that change is a fundamental feature of modern life. I never had many negative experiences around beginnings and I think one of the reasons for this is because of my top character strength which is social intelligence. I always seem to be aware of the motives and feelings of others and know what to do to put people at ease along with knowing what to do to fit in to various social situations. Although in saying this I found making the contracts with my clients a difficult task. It wasnt that my clients didnt want to make the contract, the difficult part was collaboratively working together on a contract that best fitted each client, bearing in mind two of them were under eight years of age. I successfully managed to make a contract with each of my clients and it was a great experience, for two of them were pieces of clay. According to Molteni and Garske (1983) contracts may increase compliance with the processes of the therapeutic process. Endings on the other hand are not as easy for me, I understand they are part of life and sometimes we need to end so we can grow and develop as individuals. This course and especially this module has helped me to bring these fears and emotions into awareness and reflect on them so I can understand what lies behind them. It is important for individuals to let go and move on as this is like the child leaving home for the very first time. The child needs to leave to gain independence and knowledge about the world. I seem to be experiencing quite a lot of endings this year in particular. I have just recently finished a placement where I was working as a trainee counsellor with children. I have been working with three clients close to a year and was quite worried at how these endings would go. Along with the ending work with my clients I was also ending with my supervisor who has been very supportive of me during my time there, I never once felt isolated or alone. I am quite pleased to say that these endings went extremely well as I have been working hard for a number of months with my clients on them. During these months I would make small endings at the end of each session as it was like a countdown for my clients so when we got to the final session it wasnt a big dramatic ending, they were well aware and ready for it. I feel extremely proud of the therapeutic work I have done with each of my clients. It was not easy at times but I persevered and learned a lot from my struggles. It is not easy to hear a child introduce erotic material but I coped well. On reflection of these endings in particular, I was surprised at how well I managed my own, I have come to the understanding that I managed mine so well because I knew my clients where ready to end and move on. This allowed me the incentive to then manage mine so well. I love the metaphor that Dallas and Stedman (2009) use to describe reflection. They describe it as a mirror reflecting our own image back to us (Dallas and Stedman 2009). Dallos and Stedman (2009) suggest that reflective practice is best seen as a process of analysing and reanalysing important episodes of activity. The term reflection in action is used to refer to the spontaneous act of reflecting in the moment (Dallas and Stedman 2009). I have had a lot of these spontaneous acts and found myself at times getting lost in them. When working with children, metaphor and symbols act for a lot of the communication. I have often found myself questioning something in my head while I am reflecting in action and at times had to snap myself out of it as I was aware my focus was coming away from the client. Reflecting on action which Dallas and Stedman (2009) call reflexivity is a great way to question what was going on for me at that time and what was it about that particular episode that I lost my focus. I find reflection is a great strategy for promoting self care. For me this means quiet time for myself to reflect and get lost in my own cognitions without being disturbed. I feel it is important to look after ones self as this can prevent the cause of stress and burnout. Also by having quiet time to yourself to mull over the day or week that has passed is an excellent way to manage ones stress. The feedback from supervision has been outstanding with reference to how quickly I built trusting relationships with my clients and the depth I was able to work at despite this being my first year of any placement. The experience around ending with my supervisor was another healthy ending. I think the biggest reason for this is after all of the positive feedback I received from her I knew I was then ready to end. This brings me to the conclusion that it isnt really the endings I have trouble with, it has more to do with how I end. What I mean is that I may not deal with a spontaneous ending as well as one I know is coming, which makes sense. Although saying this I know I would handle it better than I think I would. My counselling endings remind me of personal endings I have experienced in the past. The ending that comes to mind is when I left my family home in Ireland for the first time. I remember how lonesome I felt after moving away as myself and my family are very close. It was like the end of an era and even though I visit them quite often, every time I leave them to come back to London, its another ending in itself. In relation to ending with my clients, if I ended and seen that they werent ready to end, or that I knew I hadnt been doing all I could to apply emotional support to my them, then I am sure the endings would not have went so smooth for me. I have learned a valuable lesson from these ending experiences, although they went well, its ok that I feel sad, it shows that I care. The feelings I have are quite calm and peaceful , of course I wont forget my first clients and I will think about them from time to time but the important thing for me is that I dont have any emotional ties with them so It is ok for me to think about them and move on. I really dont think these endings would have gone as well if it hadnt been for all of the support I received from supervision. My supervisor and I jelled straight away and because of my honesty and openness in supervision it allowed us to examine my work in depth and maximise my learning. I feel the greatest compliment I have received from supervision is being told that I have begun to develop my own internal supervisor. Ongoing supervision is a requirement of the BACP (2010). The BACP (2010) believes that supervision can positively contribute to the maintenance and development of ethical professional practice. In my opinion it is a necessity for all counsellors to have ongoing supervision to support counsellors, to enhance effective practice and a supervisor can act as a safety net for the counsellor. According to Feltham (2010) supervision is mandatory for all counsellors regardless of their experience even if it is difficult to find a suitable supervisor. The atmosphere always seemed quite calm and relaxed which I enjoyed. I like to avoid confrontation at all costs, a negative atmosphere in the work place doesnt just effect who is involved in it but affects everyone. This can have quite a negative effect on the job that one is doing and the clients whom we are working with. It can also lead to stress and burn out as research has shown that people who dont feel supported and are not happy in the work place are more prone to stress (Salami 2011). I am quite lucky as I have very rarely experienced confrontation in the work place. On the rare occasion that I have, I dealt with it by discussing the problem and having it out in the open. We were then able to keep our professional heads, get past it and focus on the job at hand. Money could not by the experiences I have had on my placement. I followed all the rigorous procedures for dealing with a child protection matter which I dealt with very well and in context to the BACP (2010) ethical framework. When placing myself in the context of values, moral qualities and personal boundaries of the BACP (2010) Ethical Framework I feel that I am ethically mindful when delivering these services required by the BACP(2010). My moral qualities include empathy, resilience, respect, Integrity and courage. I believe one of the reasons I am so mindful comes from my therapeutic core model which is person centred (Rogers 1961). The emphasis is on creating a safe environment to discuss issues in a warm and non judgemental way. By using the core conditions effectively I feel there is little chance of harming my clients. I followed all of the Place 2 be policies and procedures from the no touch policy to holding the boundaries firmly. It was quite difficult at times to avoid my clients trying to hug me but after a while I was able to use my body to my advantage of avoiding my client hugging me as I would intuitively know when it was going to happen and was able to move my body to the side so it would be avoided, keeping in mind that I didnt want it to come across as rejection. I understand that life in general can be suffering and we dont have all the answers to our issues but it is about managing that suffering so it doesnt take over our lives. Becoming a counsellor may have different meanings for many individuals. It can be the lust for power to sit in the power chair, for others it may be the need to feel needed, for me it comes down to supporting clients emotionally so they can end as much of their suffering as possible. I believe self awareness to be one of the most significant skills I have learned during this degree. Over the duration, my self awareness has developed and I have a greater understanding of my inner and outer self. I think self awareness is crucial for understanding my own feelings as well as the clients feelings in the therapy room. I believe it is extremely important to be mindful of the diversity in the counselling profession. I am well aware of my biases towards other individuals but I will leave them outside of the therapy room. My mentality is that I am here to provide a service and why should I let my own values and beliefs get in the way of applying emotional support to an individual. I also feel that a lot of my biases come from being uneducated around a certain culture or race. I feel it is my professional duty to educate myself around these different culture so I am not creating unnecessary boundaries. Lago (2006) states that counsellors should educate themselves about the specificities of different cultures in order to develop competence for working with what has been classed as the culturally different. I have found reflection to be very useful in relation to areas of the Johari window (Evans 2007). The area in which I seem to struggle with the most is giving constructive feedback. The reason for this is the individual may misinterpret what I am saying if they feel the feedback is negative. I have enjoyed learning about the johari window (Evans 2007) and have used it in a number of different areas of my life. I found supervision to be an excellent way of acquiring my blind spots. I think personal therapy would be fundamental in relation to the johari window (Evans 2007), not only would it help to discover areas within myself but I feel talking around them may to become more aware of them. I believe this is sufficient for all trainee counsellors before they start to practice. I dont believe it is fair to start counselling without having experienced what it is like to sit in the clients chair. My plan to access a counsellor will be through a professional body such as the BACP (2010) because anyone can advertise themselves as counsellors. I believe this is the safest way as the counsellor will be an accredited member of a professional body. Personal therapy enhances professional development and relational capacities aswel as increasing personal development capacities and well being of the counsellor (Orlinsky, Schofield, Schroder and Kazantzis 2011). In conclusion of this essay I am very pleased with my development thus far, both personally as well as professionally. I feel I am shifting every time I learn something new. I am so enthusiastic about the work with clients and I feel I would benefit from fully recognising my strengths and letting my confidence grow still further. I would also benefit from further reading of a variety of different theoretical approaches which I plan to do as should every counsellor regardless of experience. I am proud of the feedback I received from my supervisor, this has influenced my competence levels as a counsellor. For further training and professional development needs I would like to work with adults using symbols and metaphor. My greatest influence has come from the work of Carl Jungs Archetypes (Jung 1961) and the magic of metaphor through working at the Place 2 be. I would also be interested in more work with children as I would like to gain more experience in this field. According to my supervisor I seem to have a natural style of being with children. I have really enjoyed working with them, it has been very experiential and exciting. I go from here in search of a new placement where I hope to get a similar experience although knowing if I dont I will learn something knew.

Picasso At The Lapin Agile Essay -- Picasso at the Lapin Agile Plays E

Picasso at the Lapin Agile From the time you enter the Falk Theatre, until the curtain rises and falls on the production of Picasso at the Lapin Agile, you are in for a treat. The play is an original work by Steve Martin with a running time of 90minutes, which feels more like 30minutes. Aside from the uncomfortable seating, this production is nothing short of wonderful. The Theatre has been transformed from a long movie Theater atmosphere to a quaint surrounding by means of risers that are placed directly on the stage. The new seating divides the old Theater in half and allows for the actors and the audience to share the same space. Not only this atmosphere that makes it wonderful but also the performances, the direction, the design and the script. Set in France in 1904, the stage is a French bar called the â€Å"Lapin Agile†, with the action of the plot involving the characters who come into the bar and their relationship to time as well as each other. The script is an abstract look at the chance meeting of historical figures and the role these meetings will have on the future. Perhaps one of the most attractive aspects of the script is its ability to ask the same questions of the audience that it does from one character to another. For example, the owner of the â€Å"Lapin Agile†, Freddy attempts to stump Albert Einstein with a mathematical problem that the audience couldn’t have enough time to equate. This style of fast paced dialogue and action fills the entire script fr...

Films semiotic analysis Essay

In every day life we are surrounded with imaginative constructs about gender: magazines, billboards, books, games, TV. They teach us what is natural every day. Which tells us how men and women differ in so many different ways. Creating myths like â€Å" You are not normal, if you won’t find anyone†, â€Å"You can’t be good without man†, many variations of â€Å"Beauty myths†. This essay will focus first on the film The Ugly Truth (Luketic, 2009) arguing about gender issues, furthermore the films The Princess Diaries (Marshall, 2001) and Legally Blond (Luketic, 2001) will be analyzed to support the argument in which the heroines portrayed as pathetic beings, not able to do anything without men, even they work on high positions in law, on television and being Princess. Essay will use Gender perspective and will answer questions like what is to be an woman and what is to be an man. The Ugly Truth film (Luketic, 2009) offers us whole range of different myth and stereotypes. The movie indicates huge difference between main hero-Mike and heroine-Abby. They are presented as a black and white. Abby – not confident, truly believe in love, excited about everything, naà ¯ve. Mike –very confident, doesn’t believe in relationship, very skeptic, and extremely arrogant, pretty straight forward. â€Å"Many aspects of masculinity myths are concerned with the assertion of toughness, stoicism, courage, and the distinguishing of this form a ‘soft’ feminity that belongs to woman†(Horrocks, 1995, p. 18) (Paraphrase) Mike is very successful, gets promoted and changes jobs few times through the movie. Whereas Abby stays at the same job at all the time. Even though she has a high position, her boss is a man. The entire film supports the idea of how important his role is and how Abby’s role is insignificant. Firstly He comments: â€Å"You are here to make sure I am ok†. Secondly at the senior management meeting, she tries to introduce her boyfriend. Meanwhile the men are completely oblivious to her and continue to talk about more important things like they support Mike for bringing two girlfriends at the dinner. Another example is there are two newscasters wife and husband, main hero claims that wife emasculating the husband by earning more money. â€Å"In relation to masculinity, it might lead us to expect that the pervasive images of men would be dominance, arrogance, and power.†( Dunlap & Johnson, 2013, p. 4)(Paraphrase) One of the popular myths is â€Å" You are not normal, if you won’t find anyone†.  These myth show the density of messages, many of them are inconsistent, that face women about work and relationships. Hersey claims that Females ambitions at work presented in films are just as important as relationships (2007). She exemplify: â€Å"In Legally Blond, sorority girl Elle Woods (Reese Witherspoon) enrolls in Harvard Law School to win back her boyfriend, only to discover that she would rather be a lawyer than a society wife. â€Å"(Hersey, 2007) But at the end of the film she is dating another lawyer and gets engaged to him. Lets parallel it to The Ugly Truth (Luketic, 2009). The heroine has a very important job, she is a producer, but there is a scene where she waits for her boyfriend to go on a date but then her boss shows up saying they have a very important meeting. Abby answers: †I can’t, I have a date with Collin†. She puts relationships as her priority. However Kosut says that women are portrayed as desperate for romance. (2012, p.111) Furthermore according to Kosut, women intend to do anything to be in a relationship, because love is represented as the greatest delineation of success. (2012, p.111). Going back to Legally Blond (Luketic, 2001), Elle Wood changes her whole life to get her boyfriend back. Mia chooses to go to the beach with a guy, leaving her friends when they need her help, because love is more important. These films reinforcing the ideology that women have to find a partner otherwise you are abnormal. † Implicit in third myth is that each woman should strive to become the chosen one; and if she does not achieve this, she is considered in some way inherently deficient.† (Worell, 2001, p.190) Romantic comedies genre pushes the ideology of finding someone, Fairytale myth of the couple ending up together and of course final kiss reapets again and again: The Ugly truth (Luketic, 2009), The Princess Diaries (Marshall, 2001), Brigit Jones’s Diary (Maguire, 2001), Pretty Woman (Marshall, 1990), Life As We Know It (Berlanti, 2010). This list can go on and on. There is no doubt that to find someone, you need to be good-looking. It is bringing up the Beauty myths, which tells us we are never perfect. Hersey has a different opinion; she thinks that the makeover moment in the films helps heroines to find their true identities rather than an effort to attract men. (2007). However Mia in The Princess Diaries (Marshall, 2001) wants to be attracted by Josh, in The Ugly Truth (Luketic, 2009) Abby agrees to make over just to get attracted by Collin. In the Pretty Women (Marshall, 1990), heroine gets makeover to be socially accepted. Signifiers of the Beauty myth: from the beginning of the films like Pretty Woman (Marshall, 1990), The Ugly Truth (Luketic, 2009), The Princess Diaries (Marshall, 2001), heroines are beautiful but social constructions tells us it would be never enough. Interesting fact is that all makeovers ruled by males. â€Å"Hollywood romantic dramas reinforce the ideology that woman entirely dependent on their male lovers.† (Gill, 2007, p. 79)(Leave quote as is) In the film The Ugly Truth (Luketic, 2009) Abby is shown as ‘a looser’, because she can’t find a boyfriend, she ruins everything on each date she goes. That’s why there is Mike fearless, confident male, who knows everything about relationships helps Abby to get her a boyfriend. But, it is also interesting to note that these women were also portrayed as dependent â€Å"submissive, less intelligent, and were usually cast in the role of homemakers† (Lovdal, 1989, p. 722) (Paraphrase) These women also managed to attend to the cooking, cleaning, house keeping, and other needs of their children and husbands†¦these tasks were perfomed while remaining immaculately attired, usually and most often in a dress, hells, and perfect make-up. (Toth & Aldoory, 2001, p. 224) (Paraphrase) For instance Abby is the main character in The Ugly truth (Luketic, 2009), waiting for her boyfriend in the most sexiest outfit, when boyfriend shows up, asking what was she doing, her answer is: â€Å"Doing the dishes† â€Å"All the beauty myths promote the idea that beauty is the most vital aspect of woman’s being. (Worell, 2001, p.190) Men will do important jobs, will help you with everything. All you have to do is to be beautiful. All gender myths are firmly connected to each other and one myth is the continuation of another one. A part of beauty myth is presentation of women as sexual objects. Again Hersey doesn’t agree with this â€Å"Yvonne Tasker argues that working women in the â€Å"New Hollywood† are often linked to sexual availability and prostitution, but these heroines’ work in journalism, international diplomacy, criminal justice and law does not make them more sexually  available to men†(2007) They are portrayed in the movies as sexual objects, for example the film The Ugly Truth (Luketic, 2009), the main hero Mike coaches the heroine Abby into thinking that if she wants to be attractive to man she has to be sexually available †show your breasts and say good bye†(at the end of her date with a guy she wants to be her boyfriend), at the make over moment the Mike says to Abby : â€Å"a man needs something to grab on other than your ass†, †you have to be two people a librarian and a stripper †, †what’s wrong with comfort and efficiency?- nothing, except no one wants to fuck it †, †we need a bra for my friend that they can stand up and say hello† In addition Hersey says â€Å"Elle is more obviously sexual, but her sexuality is always dignified even when Warner’s fiancà ©e tricks her into attending a party wearing a Playboy Bunny outfit†(2007). Legally Blond (Luketic, 2001) is filled with sexuality, the entire movie is banter over what is it to be a woman. Worell certifies there are â€Å"Media stereotypes that suggest there are expected roles for women including women as sexual objects, women as submissive and less knowledgeable.† (2001, p.703)(Paraphrase) The myth is that women are not able to do anything except be a sexy doll-Barbie. Moreover clothing and hair color are key signifiers, with Elle choosing the colour pink for her clothes and her hair is blonde. Elle is portrayed as ditzy and scatty and that her being selected for Harvard because she is hot and pretty. â€Å"Beauty myths give meaning to women’s beauty as they serve to upholds the importance of attractiveness in women’s lives.† (Worell, 2001, p.190)(Paraphrase) â€Å"Ultimately, this conflation of beauty and being fosters the social control of women.† (Worell, 2001, p.190) (Paraphrase) Many people in daily life watch TV or go to the Cinema to relax and escape from every day routines. Nevertheless the entertainment sends countless messages about gender. One could argue that use of myths create ideology that affect the people in certain ways. Why? Because we see these myths repeating again and again, most of the myths became a clichà ©. â€Å"Film makers consistently place women in secondary roles, or in positions that emphasize their sexuality, weaknesses, desperation. Men, on the other hand, typically assume roles of great importance and depict characters who are adventurous, charming, and strong. Although exceptions to these patterns exist, for the  most part Hollywood films continue to support traditional ideas of gender and cultivate similar ideologies.† (Kosut, 2012, p.113) (Paraphrase) Reference list: Berlanti, G. (2010). Life As We Know It [Film]. USA: Warner Bros. Pictures Dunlap, R. & Johnson, W.C. (2013). Consuming contradiction: Media, masculinity and (hetero) sexual identity. Leisure : Journal of the Canadian Association for Leisure, 37(1), 69. Gill, R. (2007). Gender and the media. Cambridge, UK: Polity. Hersey, E. (2007). Love and microphones: Romantic comedy heroines as public speakers. Journal of Popular Film & Television, 34(4), 149-158. Horrocks, R. (1995). Male myths and icons: Masculinity in popular culture. Basingstoke, Hants: St. Martins Press. Kosut, M. (2012). Encyclopedia of gender in media. Thousand Oaks, Calif: SAGE Publications. Lovdal, L. T. (1989). Sex role messages in television commercials: An update. Sex Roles, 21(11/12), 715-724. doi:10.1007/BF00289804 Luketic, R. (2009). The Ugly Truth [Film]. USA: Columbia Pictures. Luketic, R. (2001). Legally Bloned [Film]. USA: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Maguire, S. (2001). Briget Jones’s Diary [Film]. UK: Miramax Films. Marshall, G. (2001). The Princess Diaries [Film]. USA: Buena Vista Pictures. Marshall, G. (1990). Pretty Woman [Film]. USA: Buena Vista Pictures. Toth, E. L., & Aldoory, L. (2001). The gender challenge to media: Diverse voices from the field. Cresskill, N.J: Hampton Press. Worell, J. (2001). Encyclopedia of women and gender: Sex similarities and differences and the impact of society on gender. San Diego, Calif: Academic Press.

Discuss Christian Views on Contraception, Marriage and Divorce Essay

Explain Christian beliefs about contraception (6) Christians believe that God created humans and that humans should ‘grow in population’ and so therefore they should reproduce naturally and grow in numbers. The Roman Catholic church believes that contraception is immoral and wrong since they regard it as artificial and unnatural since it prevents new life and this is not what God intended humans to do. God wants use to be ‘fruitful and increase in number’ they believe that sex should not carried out with no intention to create new life. Christians believe that God made most humans fertile since God has destined for use to create new life; God has planned our life even before we were born and so some Christians believe we should not interfere with God’s plan by using artificial means. The Catholic Church believes the use of contraception is sinful. Yet in today’s society, some Catholics believe that it is important to believe in our conscience and so contraception may be acceptable. This is particularly the case, were The Church of England are not against the use of contraception as it allows a couple to think about when to actually have a child and so contraception results in the child actually being wanted and loved since we should ‘love thy neighbour’. Both churches agree that contraception is acceptable if it protects the health of the couple, i.e. it stops the prevention of HIV/AIDS and so in these circumstances contraception is acceptable. 1. Explain how a Christian marriage ceremony might guide a couple in their married life (6) Christians believe a Christian marriage has vows in front of God, therefore the fact that God is a part of the ceremony the vows are extremely important since the husband and wife promise to be with one another ‘in sickness and health’ therefore these vows brings the couple closer in relationships and they can support one another since ‘It will make a helper suitable for him’ therefore the ceremony Is an act to express their love for one another and the promises that they are willing to follow. The ceremony may guide the couple in life since once they are married the ‘two will become one flesh this shows that they will equally live amongst each other and they have equal values and they should and care for each other. Prayers are held in the wedding to ask for God’s blessings therefore this leads couples into a moral way of life. The exchanging of rings is symbolic of the commitment that they have for one another and that they will always support one another in their married life. 1. ‘God would never approve of civil partnerships.’ Discuss this statement. (12) Many Christians have different opinions about civil partnerships and whether God would approve it or not. Some Christians would argue that all people should be treated the same no matter who they fall in love with, the Bible teaches that equality is very important ‘neither Jew nor Greek’ and so civil partnerships should not be judged as immoral. The Bible teaches that God loves all people since it is his creation as God made ‘man in the image of God’ and so God will still love those in a civil partnership as the Bible teaches that God treats them equally. Some Christians would also argue that God created love ‘brought her to the man’ and so if God didn’t approve of civil partnerships God would not allow people to express their love. Some Christians believe that same-sex couples should have the same freedom to marry that other couples have since they should be treated equally and God welcomes his people with love and compassion. The Bible clearly shows that God not judge others and in fact, teaches to ‘love thy neighbour’. On the other Hand The Roman Catholic Church and Church of England is against Civil partnerships as they believe it is immoral and goes against God intention to grow in numbers and ‘multiply’ the fact that new life can be created from a male and a female partnership is acceptable however a couple with the same sex cannot create new life and so goes against God ‘man lies with a man†¦detestable’ The Church believes that God gave women and men separate roles in the family- the women should care for the children at home and so therefore a couple with the same sex would result in the child not being cared for in the correct way as intended by God- therefore to some extent God may go not approve civil partnerships. Overall I believe that God would not approve of Civil marriages but may accept that they occur in today’s society, the fact that God loves all his people no matter what race, sex or appearance- this shows God treats everyone equally . God gave humans their own conscience and so to some extent it is humans’ choice as to who they fall in love with and so I believe God may accept civil partnerships. Describe Christian beliefs about Divorce (6) Christians belief a marriage is a life time commitment amongst a couple. However there are different views about divorce. The Roman Catholic Church believes that divorce is immoral since during the couple’s marriage ceremony they have said vows to one another in front of God, the fact that they have promised to God that they will live together ‘in sickness and health’ shows that these promises cannot be broken, and if so, it is immoral ‘A man..be united with his wife.’. These Christians believe divorce is indissoluble. The Church believes the legal agreement is broken between a marriages but the holy agreement is not. But, the church understands that divorce can be painful and so the couple should be supported by community. Yet, the couple should try and work together to restore the marriage. Catholics sometimes annul marriages so they discount the vows made and in these cases it is acceptable. The Church of England does recognise that divorces may occur and so they should be cared for and supported by others, the church believes it has a duty to support the couple in times which are hard. The church believes it is important to try and restore the marriage in order to retain happiness and joy in society since the marriage ‘two will become one flesh’. If a divorcee wants to remarry, it is up to the vicar to agree to the marriage or not. ‘Women should always obey their husbands’ Discuss the statement. (12) To some extent, one would argue this statement is outdated since women’s roles are becoming just as important as men’s and the increase in emancipation of women shows that both men and women are treated equality. This is also shown in the Bible, as God mentions there are ‘neither Jew nor Greek’ therefore God loves and cares for women and mean just as much. And so women should not look up to men and be treated differently according to the Bible. The Bible teaches that both roles of women and men are just as important and they rely on one another to live a stable lifestyle and so this equality shows that women should not obey men. In fact the Bible teaches that all humans, including women, are given a conscience and they can choose right from wrong and so therefore women can choose whether to obey their husband or not as they have a free conscience. However, women should obey men to some extend as the man is regarded as the leader of the household and so needs respect and obedience in order to show man’s role in a household. The Bible teaches that that women should ‘submit to your husbands’

Cost of living essays

Cost of living essays Have you ever wondered who came up with the cost of living figure, well it all started in 1919 when the Department of Labor first started publishing a little book, rightly named, Cost of Living Index. This handy book has since then been the guide to the pricing of the goods and services that ordinary people use in their daily living affairs. Not only does this figure wavier, but the name was changed to Consumer Price Index, during the Civil War. With so much economical impact the Index is constantly moving up and down. The causes of change are attributed to the change in the supply and demand of goods. Yet the consumer influences it by the amount of money and credit that they can command. It is also greatly affected by the way the government regulates it and surrounding policies. This Index should be moved up and down, depending on the times, so that it assures price stability. Although, this has not always played out the way that we want it too. From 1800-1870 the price of goods rose tremendously during the times of war. The government tried to introduce the idea of greenbacks a term used for paper money. This however didnt give the expected out come. The paper money was not widely excepted and the price of goods was twice as much, if the goods were bought with greenbacks. Also contributing to the loss of confidence in the dollar from the citizens was the setbacks brought from the military. Such as the blockading of the habor, not allow imports to the U.S., and the seizure of Washington. Although after the war the prices started to drop steadily. This trend seems to continue, never the less, only because the government at the time did not know what to do. Since about the 1900s the problem with inflation increased, mainly caused by the governments efferts to try and lower the national debt because of the wars. Thus, creating the great depression and the numberous recessions we have experienced. Again ...

Linguistics and the Analysis of Poetry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Linguistics and the Analysis of Poetry - Essay Example Having conducted a solid literature review on the aspect of linguistics, the essay section will focus on subjecting theoretical provisions of the review in analyzing a real poem. In order to foster objective directionality, a thesis statement will be adopted in appraising the depth and breadth of linguistic methods in integrating the aspects of clarity and artistic interpretation within poetry. Introduction On the context of artistic interpretation, a piece of art like a poem or even a painting should elicit or invoke a desired response on the audience. Lieberman (1969) says that poetry as an art acts as a bridge between target audience and the artist. It is through appropriate employment of artistic techniques that a poet can convey his or her thoughts, feelings and emotions to the audience. Techniques used must be appropriate in order to deliver intended meaning to audience. In certain cases, inappropriate use of linguistic methods may fail to create the desired expression of an ar tist’s work. Consequently, audiences will end up interpreting the underlying piece of art in a relative rather than an absolute manner. On the contrary, use of suitable linguistic methods in poetry enables poets to impress readers through elucidating process of expression. At this juncture, the thesis for the essay asserts that both formal and informal linguistic methods does not only help in elucidating poetry for average readers but also allows these readers to apply artistic interpretation. Based on the literature review section, it is undeniable that poetry as an art employs considerable use of sound, wording sequence and wording stress in giving meaning to their work. According to Frank (1970), expression of thoughts, feelings and emotions by poets is in direct relation to the manner in which sound intensity and stress elevation are used in writings. In addition, word ordering facilitates development of themes and philosophical construct behind a poem. In most cases, a p oet may not employ all the three techniques of stress, sound and word sequence variation at every point of their work. It is common to encounter an instance where a poet only uses sound variation in creating rhyme while compromising on contextual meaning of his work. In other circumstances, a poet may employ elaborate use of contextual vocabulary as a means of enhancing thematic clarity while compromising on the aesthetic values of rhyme. According to Fowler (1967), it means that linguistic methodology allows poets to vary writing styles in order to create themes and aesthetical attributes of poems. In most cases, stylistic variation derived from suitable linguistic methods allows poets to flaunt their knowledge in the process of artistic expression while still impressing readers through clear expression of intended message. Analysis of â€Å"Paradise Lost† In order to fully understand the use of sound and vocabulary variation, we will analyze a few lines from the poem  "Paradise Lost† by John Milton. Throughout the poem, John employs substantial alteration of sound patterns in creating the indented rhyme. On the other hand, variation in vocabulary enhances development of intended message, which in this case is disobedience of man towards God. In line 14 of book 1 of the poem, Milton (2010) says,

Organisational Change Management Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Organisational Change Management - Dissertation Example The decision made, the way it should be implement and other aspects D2 will have to deal with, are analysed and explained with respect to the 5D framework. Although the decision and plan made seems to be a feasible one, its implementation and execution is of utmost importance. A regular and continuous feedback, assessment and if required, change of plan accordingly will be the key to survival of D2 Introduction This analysis is of a car components manufacturing company called D2. D2 is a France based company. It has many plants. Two are based in France, one in UK and additional plants in Spain. Since operations D2 has put in an extra effort to increase shareholder value and achieve a formidable return on its investments. This has been made possible by investing in new technology and encouraging innovation with respect to the manufacturing of products. D2 managed a competitive position in the market of manufacturing automobile parts while competing with even those manufacturing compan ies that were based in a low cost country. Ever since the economic recession has hit, the situation has changed drastically. The economic downturn has forced D2 to change it strategy and now produce fewer products and benefits from economies of scale rather than producing a whole variety of products. Secondly D2 is now more focused on cutting costs which may lead to plant closure and redundancy of staff. This is a major concern for both, the employees and management. However, the decision is yet to be announced. Appreciative Inquiry: The 5D approach Appreciative inquiry is a method of solving a problem. This was pioneered by David Cooperrider in the mid-1980s. from the Case Western Reserve University. This method can be best understood by understanding the meaning of both of the words The first word, Appreciation,  refers to the recognition of contributions or attributes of people and things that surround us. The second word, Inquiry, refers to  the act of exploring and discover ing. This reflects on the attitude of being open to any new possibilities. Combining both words together means that with the help of appreciating and acknowledging what is valuable and good with respect to the present situation. We may be able to discover the future in a positive manner. Using Appreciative Inquiry: The 5D Approach It is important to focus on the positives while applying such approach. A positive approach may help in building on ones strengths, just as conventional problem-solving may lead to minimizing ones weaknesses. Hence it is important to consider that the strategy under consideration by D2 is a feasible one. Below is an analysis of the situation of D2 with respect of the 5D framework. The 5D framework constitutes of five elements namely, Definition: the phase in which a problem is defined Discovery: the phase in which ways to solve the problem are found Dream: the phase in which a company sets up its future objectives Design: the phase that determines how thin gs should be implemented Destiny: the phase that sees the planning and implementation of the strategy Definition Before one can analyse a problem, the problem is to be defined. Economic downturn may suggest a precise definition of the problem faced by D2. It is important to understand what may happen to organisation when they face economic downturn or recession related problems. Many business analysts and researchers have narrated their views of such situations, a few of which are below. Zeidner,

Critcally examine the success of operation management theories ,tools Essay

Critcally examine the success of operation management theories ,tools and techniques in the uk supermarket sector - Essay Example Operations management is a science that deals with coordination of all functions of an organization. The major departments within an organization include; accounting, marketing, human resources, information technology departments and purchasing have to be well controlled. The key factors that have led to the development of operations management include; globalization, total quality management, empowerment and techonology.With the world becoming a global village, supermarkets are striving to provide services more efficiently and effectively so as to stay at the top of competition by quickly delivering their services. Operations management is a transformation process that interacts with various departments in an organization. According to Slack â€Å"Operations management helps in developing and managing the value chain process and also in supporting it through using different tools, techniques and methods in order for an organization to be in a position to achieve its goals and objectives within a specified period of time. The Total Quality Management is a holistic approach that requires that all the managers and personnel working for supermarkets to be able to handle customers in an appropriate way. The major supermarkets in the United Kingdom also have got a major challenge in ensuring that they empower all their members of staff regardless of their hierarchy in the organization so that they can take part in achieving the company’s goals and objectives. It refers to the process of organizing and controlling the activities of a business so as provide goods and services to the customers at the appropriate time and place. The major functions of any business involve finance, marketing and operations management. Some of the processes involved in the process management theory include forecasting, capacity planning, and management of inventory, quality assurance, motivation and training of the employees. The traditional objective of

Canada’s Most Defining Moments Essay Example for Free

Canada’s Most Defining Moments Essay Canada is a one of the wealthiest countries in the world but Canada didn’t just become wealthy overnight. Canada has many accomplishments and failures but the most defining moments in Canadian history were both the failures and accomplishments in the economy or economy related. The three most defining moments in Canadian history were; the stock market crash, which led to the â€Å"Great Depression†, the baby boom on the other hand led to increases in jobs during the 1960’s, and finally GST replaced â€Å"Manufacture Sales Tax† (MST) in 1990. The morning of October 24th 1929 is known as â€Å"Black Thursday† because on this day the stock market crashed in America but it affected most of the world including Canada. The cause of this crash in Canada was because of citizens buying ‘on margin’ which is borrowing money from banks and only putting down 10-20% of the loan. The crash caused the 1930’s to be a period of great depression for citizens. This brought the country into a state of panic and many people committed suicide because of the stock market crash. In only 2 days the market had dropped an average of 20%. The stock market crash was a spark that led Canada and many other countries into a â€Å"Great Depression†. Other factors that contributed to Canada’s Great Depression were: the dependence on the United States, over-production and over-expansion, and dependence on the primary industry, these were all long term causes. Many companies in Canada were in debt because of over-pro duction and over-expansion. This caused many of those companies to crumble and if these companies were still up and running they could have brought Canada money from international trade. Companies weren’t the only businesses effected, farming, logging, mining, and pretty much the entire primary industry was falling and Canada wasn’t producing any money and practically all exports were to a halt. The Great Depression was stopped by the start of the second world war because of people desperately looking for jobs, so they joined the army. Canada became a more feared country, thus Canada helped win battles like D-Day and the Italian Campaign. Along with the success Canada has had in world war two, the baby boom generation occurred between 1945 to 1964, which increased the population. The cause of the baby boom was essentially the great depression because numerous Canadians enrolled in the military. Canadians want to make a quick buck and not expecting to fight for years. Canadians went to battle for six years without women and when soldiers returned from the war they had an urge for intercourse with their girlfriends or wives and that’s what started the baby boom. The next generation would need to produce more consumer items and build more houses due to the sheer number of baby boomers, more power and water would also be required to run those homes. Therefore with these new demands we need to open more jobs to satisfy those demands. The baby boomer generation is even effecting us now, 66 years later. They are going to soon influence skill trades in Canada because the baby boomers in those jobs are near retirement. There is going to be a shortage of people to fill those jobs; especially because of parents wanting their children to go to university, therefore not getting a job in the skill trades. Many jobs like caregivers for example will require more people because of the sudden increase in elderly citizens. We are also going to need to pay for the baby boomer’s healthcare and security income and that will come from our taxes. Canada could be in trouble for the future because we don’t have the people to fill those jobs and we don’t have the money to pay for their health care and security insurance. The Canadian government can’t pay for the health care and security insurance without enforcing some type of tax, and that is exactly what they did. Prime minister Brian Mulroney and financial minister Michael Wilson introduced the idea of a Goods and Services Tax (GST) to replace Manufacture Service Tax (MST) and Federal Telecommunication Tax. This new tax is suppose to be implemented to all provinces except Alberta because they already had their own sales tax at a retail level. GST saved Canada from debt of the first world war, even though GST wasn’t introduced until 1990, MST was the little brother of GST. The government decided that MST was the best way to pay for the debt and essentially it was, but most Canadians and manufacturers strongly disliked this tax. GST was promoted as revenue-neutral in relation to the MST, the shifting of the tax away from exported manufactured goods would make life more costly for Canadians. Thus Canadians were against GST and manufactures were worried that the tax would hurt their sales internationally. The GST is affecting us every day, because if you are Canadian and you pay for a product or service; you are hit with a 13% fee and that is HST (PST and GST combined). The most critical moments in Canadian history were all economic related. Once the stock market crashed in 1929, it caused panic, mayhem, and an economic crisis of great magnitude. The baby boom was a complete opposite; it gave Canadians more jobs and soon we are going to have too many jobs and not enough people to fill those jobs in the 1960’s. GST is still Affects our everyday lives because everyone pays taxes when buying a consumer product and it has been that way since 1990. Canada could be in trouble economically in the near future. Since the baby boom is retiring; I would predict that Canadians will have to paying more taxes due to the extra costs of healthcare and as throughout history, Canadians have had a burning hatred towards taxes and especially increases in those taxes. This could possibly cause an uproar in the future.

Co-branding Curtin University Miri

Co-branding Curtin University Miri Executive Summary The followings aim to allow the reader to have an understanding of co-branding. Certain real life business example is used to illustrate of the relevant theories that has been extract from research journal. Many other relevant articles are also being used for discussion to make the subject matters as current as possible with the objective to stay valid as in point of reading. Inside this paper, co-branding was explained as to why it has been applied as a strategy to explore new market and growth by businesses. Types of example in co-branding that exist and practise in the market. In addition, all the marketing-mix tools are discussed as to how it can impacts the co-branding process. The benefits and disadvantages are also being put forward for discussion with a recommendation to use co-branding as a business strategy. Introduction In today complex business world, whereby competitions are fierce especially for the fast moving consumer goods industry (Helmig, Huber and Leeflang 2008, 359), marketers tried to use any tools they has in order to open a path for additional opportunities for new customers and trade channel to generate greater sales from their existing target market. Co-branding is one of the marketing strategies that used by marketers to create opportunities in achieving business growth in the market. Some may have wonder, what is co-branding? Co-branding is either two or more renowned brands that combined to form an alliance to work together and creating marketing synergy (Kotler, Keller and Burton 2009, 361). In simple term, it means that two brands comes together to create a single, unique product. This pairing can be in a marketing context such as in advertisements, products, product placements and distribution outlets (Grossman 1997, 191). Such marketing synergy can potentially expands the customer base, to increases profitability, responds to the expressed and latent needs of customers through production lines, strengthens competitive position through a bigger market share, enhances product introductions through enhancing the brand image, creates new customer-perceived value and yields operational benefits through reduced cost as stated by Chang (2009, 77) of a notes identified by Gaurav Doshi 2007 article. Co-branding An example of successful co-branding is the McDonald ice cream with MMs candies and also Kraft Oreo cookies which resulted to the creation of MMs Mcflurry and Oreo Mcflurry ice cream products. The success of both MMs and Oreo Mcflurry ice cream is an example of utilizing two or more brand names to introduce a new product with competitive advantages. Chang (2008, 220) state that the purpose is to capitalize on the reputation of the partner brands in an attempt to achieve immediate recognition by the consumers. Airasia, the low budget airline of Malaysia has done very well in the online booking for air travelling, had form an alliance with Citibank to introduce their unique Airasia Citibank credit card (Citibank and Airasia tie the knot! 2007). In this example of joint-venture of co-branding, both Airasia and Citibank have their own separate brand equity, and both also earned brand awareness and positive brand image. Their alliance for success comes from a logical fit between two brands, thus their marketing activity maximises the advantages of each other while minimising their disadvantages as mentioned by Kotler, Keller and Burton (2009, 361). The research done by Park, Jun and Shocker (1996, 464) shows that consumers are more likely to accept the co-branding product when two brands are complementary rather than similar. Their alliance is a perfect match as both Airasia and Citibank which can tap on each other customer base to increase their business activity and on top with increase in p rofits. Further to another type of co-branding is known as same company co-branding. This is an example of Nestle Company in Malaysia when they develop Nestle ice cream using their well known chocolate brand like Kit Kat and Smarties to penetrate into the ice cream market (Nestle in your life: ice cream n.d.). Thus, with immediate brand awareness among their loyalty customers, Nestle are optimising their chances of success of a new launch product. The list does not stop here as there are other types of co-branding, which is multiple-sponsor co-branding, such as Taligent, a one-time technological alliance of Apple, IBM and Motorola (Kotler, Keller and Burton 2009, 361). There is also retail co-branding, example like Pizza Hut and KFC in Malaysia, where two retail businesses use the same location as a method to maximise both space and profits. Moreover, ingredient co-branding is another type of co-branding; a successful example of this is Intel whereby the ingredient branding was so strong that the consumers insist of buying Personal Computer with Intel Inside. Thus, it gives great impacts towards major manufacturer such as Dell and Compaq to adopt Intel chips for their finishing products (Kotler, Keller and Burton 2009, 362). The benefits of Co-branding It is common for all businesses face towards the challenges of financial risks when introducing new brand to consumer market (Aaker and Keller 1990, 27). In addition, a product or services life cycle is getting shorter each day as the advancement in technology has makes it easier to copy among brand in the same industry. It is because of these, the risks inherent in establishing new brands are high, with a failure rate ranging from 80 to 90 percent as mentioned by Leuthesser, Kohli and Suri (2002, 35). So, in this instant co-branding make sense as it can increase brand distinctiveness by capitalizing on the values embedded in cooperating brands. Through the arrangement of co-branding, businesses are able to do brand-leveraging which capitalize on existing brand equity rather than building new brand equity as noted by Dickinson and Heath (2008, 22).Take Airasia Citibank credits card for example, the benefits of being the card owner automatically becomes an elite traveller to enjoy spe cial fares and holiday packages not available elsewhere. By merging values and identities of brands originally engaged in different industries, now both are able to gain consumer choices, loyalty and consequently lead the brand to uniqueness and distinctive as compare to their competitors. From this example it has deliver the aim to increase the distinctiveness of the co-branding product and also gain customer loyalty by providing them with the alliance benefits. Thus, it also achieves its set objective of co-branding that is to expanding customer base, creating a new customer perceived value and most importantly to strengthen its competitive position in the market. As market condition change rapidly, it is not easy for a product to have a safe sailing to success as there is full of choices and is keep on increasing for the consumers to choose. Brands research also found that a single brand may not be able to meet the demands of variable individual needs such as custom design with added value (Djurovic 2009). By using extension co-branding to enhance the products will able to meet those individual needs. For example Bacardi and Coca Cola or Bacardi and Sprite, to have co-branded Bacardi Mixers range to show and suggest alternative ways to consume the two brands. By this arrangement, both brands will gain financial benefits, to have introduced a new product range with a strong image and also respond to the expressed and latent needs of the customers. The other benefits of co-branding is that the product has it uniqueness and distinctive characteristic, thereby induce more sales and also reducing cost of product introduction as noted by Desai and Keller (2002). Interestingly, co-branding is able to work more efficient and effectively communicating through to the consumers as the two brands awareness is high (Aaker 2003, 84). Marketing tools for Co-branding Indeed co-branding activity has increase over the past decade as Spethmann and Benezra (1994) noted that the number of corporate alliances worldwide, including co-branding ventures is continuing to grow at 40% rate each year, involving billions of dollars in assets. Such an increase in co-branding activity may project itself to be a popular strategy as mentioned by Hilton (2007). In addition he asked is it also a smart one? and he answered it with a qualified yes if it is executed well. In order to execute well, we need to discuss any of the relevant seven Ps in marketing mix tools. The seven Ps mentioned which is Product, Price, Promotion, Placement, Physical evidence, Process and People. Marketers use these tools to make marketing-mix decisions for influencing their trade channels right to their end users. In practise, companies seek growth through innovation of new products by their research and development team and co-branding strategy can develop this new product to success by provide perception of quality and image as it capitalizes on the unique strengths of each contributing brand (Chang 2008, 498). For easy focusing onto one industry, we use the fast moving consumer goods as our point of discussions Generally for a co-branding to success, the potential partner has to be large and have strong distribution channel or customer base with positive market image. As mentioned, the market environment change rapidly and the speed to market is one of the key success factor to a co-brand product or services. The aim is to establish a strong foothold before the onslaught by competitors. With wide distribution coverage or customer base will enable this task to be accomplish on the set target. In order for the execution of the co-branding to have a speedy reach out to the market, marketer must look into trade promotion and advertising campaign to assist in numerous ways. The joint sales promotion and advertising campaign is to stimulate interest and inquiries in the market among their loyalty customer and the trade promotion activity should focus on communicating the benefits and value-added the co-branding can provide to the consumer. When these two brands form an alliance for joint promotion on their co-branding product or services, the objectives is for those two brands to provides greater assurance about the quality standard than those of a single branded product from the perspective point of view as noted by Rao, Lu and Ruekert (1999, 259). Thus, from this positive point of view by the consumers it lead to higher product evaluations and this will allow the co-branding product or services to command a premium prices (Helmig, Huber and Leeflang 2008, 360). To illustrate our point we take the Nestle and LOreal as example. Nestle and LOreal recently announced their pairing. One may have asked what common value does these two have. Nestle is the world leading nutrition food producer and the company mission is to produce healthy food to feed the world but not restricted to inside but also our outer body, which is our skin. Indeed, LOreal comes in as a perfect match as the brand is the global leader in skin care. Their pairing is seen to be an unorthodox brand alliance as noted by Lindstorm (2003) but it has those values that the customers can relied and be convincing of their brand alliance commitment. In this instance, the uniqueness and distinctive of the co-branding product has a high evaluation by the customer as indicating of higher chance of success sales and also better command of price point. Although physical evidence is most commonly being used to evaluate for the service industry such as restaurant and hotel (Physical Evidence the lifeline for service companies 2006), we can also make it to be a relevant point to discuss for fast moving consumer goods as in its packaging as physical evidence. The packaging has to be attractive and user friendly. An example of user friendly packing is the pull up cap for canned foods as it allows the buyer to easily open and consume it. As nowadays consumer are also concern of environmental issues, they are also choosing for product packaging that can be recycle after consuming their contents. This physical evidence can also take form as in a warranty or guarantee. Take Duracell for example that has guarantee against defects in materials and workmanship due to a battery defect (Duracell Guarantee n.d). Here the physical evidence is clear and has communicate to the user that Duracell will repair or replace it. These are deems to be an im portant physical evidence a co-branding product can emulate to makes it unique and distinctive. The other Ps of the marketing mix is the process. In marketing mix, the process is an element of service that sees the customer experiencing an organizations offering as mostly in the service industry. As for fast moving consumer goods, the process that the co-brand product wishes the customer to experience is hassle free to access to the product. In short, the availability of the product is sufficient in every retails store and in arm reach location. One such example is the Wrigley Company in which their sales strategy is to focus on the process of the potential consumers reach for their chewing gums product. The result, Wrigley chewing gums was distributed to any corner of the world and to display it at arm reach location in order for the customer to have pleasant experience when reaching for their products. Wrigley understand it well that it continue to focus on recognizes the uniqueness of each one of their consumers and efforts are made to reaching them and in return of hopes th eir potential customer will get to know more of their products and purchase them. The last Ps is the people. Peoples are very important in co-branding. What makes co-branding products a success besides its uniqueness, distinctive and value added to attract the consumers is its people that work behind and in front. A consumer who comes into contact with the co-brand product will make an impression, and they can have a profound effect, either positive or negative and that is on customer satisfaction. The reputation of co-brand product rests in the peoples hands so they must be therefore trained, well motivated and have the right attitude. They must have high level of commitment, competence and complete understanding of their products. The attitude to believe that their co-brand product is unique and will bring them more sales and profits thus, it cans moves them to self motivate to service their customer to satisfaction. The disadvantages for Co-branding By now, the above presented, should be able to give the philosophy behind co-branding and that is to increase both market share and revenue as well as gaining competitive advantages through customer awareness by providing them with a co-branding product that is distinctive and unique. Although co-branding looks rewarding and it does sounds like a perfect strategy to seek growth and by understanding the benefits of co-branding and reviewing the marketing tools to assist it to success alone is not enough. Co-branding does not come without risks, as one have to aware that only one in five attempts of a brand mergers succeed as mentioned by an article by Knudsen et al. (1997, 189). In many ways, brands can be explained like people, they their own values and direction. In real world is difficult for married couples to reconcile their differences and commit to stay to each other forever as noted by Lindstorm (2002) and that half of the worlds marriages ending with a divorce so as co-brandi ng partnership. The risk of co-branding is pairing with a partner that can tarnish the existing products strong brand equity, as the two alliance brands has become connected together in the consumers mind as mentioned by Ueltschy and Laroche (2004, 93). The pitfall here is that when consumers attribute any negative experience due to the fault or negligence of any one party of the alliance, the overall brand equity could be damage and poses threat to co-branding and resulting the other brand being perceive as weak (Kocherp 2009). Thus, when it lead to a negative evaluation by the consumers and is likely also to cause damaging to the co-branding privilege of price command in the market as it used to enjoy over their competitors. The other scenario that a co-branding may fail is when the two products have different market and are entirely different such as no complimentary effects. If there is difference in visions and missions of the two alliance companies, then the co-branding may also fail costly. To take an example of a failure co-branding is the case of American Airlines and America Online. They ambitiously launched a joint consumer-loyalty program in 1999 in search of brand synergy. As the program never met any of the co-branding expectations, they separate their alliance and some analysts say that their failure was due to the co-brand product and never really did anything interesting with it and didnt seem to commit to it as noted by Buss (Brandchannel n.d.). Perhaps their co-branding failure is due to the absence of a clearly defined strategy. When this physical evidence happens, the people as mentioned in the marketing-mix, also has an impact onto them. Failure of alliance means the loss of their cre dibility and capabilities to be able to create a market synergy branding product. The process the customer experience is unpleasant as we used American Airlines as example, to illustrate our point. Imagine all the loyalty program as promise to their loyal customers has either end up empty handed or being compensated by other means in which may not be up to the expectation of their customers. This will surely cost the image of the parent company. Co-branding may result into creation of new ideas for products or services, which leads to the entrance of new competitors who combine the features of both brands into one (Kocherp 2009). Such case was the example of IBM and Microsoft partnership to develop DOS operating system for its personal computers in which it lead to a series of sequence events that eventually creates Microsoft as dominance as we know it today (Leuthesser, Kohli and Suri 2002, 42). So, the potential partner for co-branding arrangement should be place under screening and be analyse to what extent it can be spawn to be the next competitor. As always we have to bear in mind that, every coins has two side and after being able to present the above disadvantages, we also must not forget the benefits of a co-branding has to offer as mentioned earlier for marketers to adopt as a strategy to seek growth for businesses. It is always practical to apply a S.W.O.T analysis as in Strengths, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat to review the co-branding proposal. The S.W.O.T analysis is a useful tool to provide an insight to the potential co-branding proposal of their strength versus their weaknesses within the brand and company of alliance. It also provides to review of what was the opportunities can be created through the partnership versus the threat and challenges facing towards. Co-branding as marketing strategy Before drawing any decision to adopt co-branding strategy to gain market advancement, lets review some important co-branding points that have been mentioned earlier. The alliances can provide an equal benefit for both entities, the values of both brands can complement each other and the brand relationship can creates value added to the customers. According to Leuthesser, Kohli and Suri (2002, 41), which defines four co-branding strategies which is, reaching in, reaching out, reaching up and reaching beyond. By reaching in, the strategy is to achieve greater market penetration by alliance itself to other brands that can complement what the existing brand shortfall when introducing over line extension. Such arrangement was the example of McDonald MMs Mcflurry ice-cream in which McDonald capitalize on MMs strong brand awareness to reach in for greater market penetration. Mcdonald by focus on products has actually utilised one of the marketing-mix tools to reach in for greater market penetration. In reaching out, the strategy is to tap onto new market horizon and to achieve this objective is to co-branding with an alliance that give complementary effects and such example was shown in the arrangement of Airasia and Citibank credit card. Their alliance has enabled each of the partner company to reach out to tap into different industries. Thus, it increases the distribution channel of its business as what marketing-mix tools call it placement, which is product or services reach out to customer through difference networks. Reaching up is a strategy to achieve market advancement by alliances with partners that can elevates positive brand image. The Oral-B brand is such a good example to illustrate this strategy. In the Malaysian consumers market before Oral-B, whereby Colgate is the eminent household name among the majority of Malaysian consumers and of cause needless to say, Colgate was dominating in the retail outlets as well and where Oral-B brand was unknown to the local Malaysian. Then Oral-B start to strategy for the past decade by getting the endorsement from the dentist association of Malaysia to raise its brand image among Malaysian dental care user and as a result of the prominent co-branding and today the Oral-B branding has been strong in the mind of the consumer. In order to achieve total cavities free, Oral-B dental care product range is now the Malsysian first choice upon purchasing. As highlighted by Ueltschy and Laroche (2004, 93), when the two alliance has become connected together in the consumers mind, the result is a strong brand equity been build. The successful of reaching up, to elevates the brand image has enable Oral-B to have better command onto their product pricing thus it makes more profitable business than the rest of its competitors. This is a case of using the marketing-mix tools of price. When a brand has a better command of price it generates not only handsome profit while also generating a substantial amount of advertising and promotional activity fund to create sales opportunity whenever there is a necessary. It is shown that Oral-B has demonstrate how to utilise the price tool very well in order to be price competitive and with profit where many others has failed upon utilising it. In reaching beyond, the strategy involves alliance with a co-branding partner that can elevate strong image and gaining access to new customer. The objective of this strategy is to reach up and reach out. The Airasia and Citibank credit card is also showing an example of this strategy. Airasia by co-branding with Citibank is said to be reaching beyond as it can tap onto the huge customer base of the bank while Citibank is also said to have reaching beyond when co-branding with Airasia by tapping onto the growing customer base as the airline is expanding rapidly to more than 18 countries mainly in Asia. As Airasia continue to grow, so will Citibank as they both are complementary each other in every sense of their business. Conclusion All the above materials is to gives an overall understanding of a co-branding whereby it is one of the marketing strategy often time utilise by marketers to seek growth in a saturated market environment. By accessing to the marketing-mix tools and its function, marketers who intelligently applying it can accelerates their co-branding business to new heights while others that has already in the forefront can also creates new heights as the benefits of co-branding as presented is encouraging for one to consider to venture into it. However, when applying co-branding as the strategy, it is advice to use a S.W.O.T. analyse to screen for the weakness and threat it possess and whether the overall alliances is worthwhile the risk that is at stake that can influence the parent brand. In general through research as discussed above, co-branding will success when there is a logical fit with the alliances. It is thereby the possibility for a co-brand to build into a successful trademark is high as long as it executed well as noted by Hilton (2007). References Aaker, D. The Power of the branded differenciator. MIT Sloan Management Review 45 (1): 84. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 19, 2010). Aaker, D. A., and K. L. Keller. 1990. Consumer Evaluations of Brand Extensions. Journal of Marketing 54 (1): 27. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 18, 2010). Chang, W. L. 2008. A Typology of Co-branding Strategy: Position and Classification. The Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge 12 (2): 220. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 20, 2010). Chang, W. L. 2008. OnCob: An ontology-based knowledge system for supporting position and classification of co-branding strategy. Knowledge-Based Systems 21 (6): 498. http://www.sciencedirect.com (accessed February 22, 2010). Chang, W. L. 2009. Roadmap of Co-branding Positions and Strategies. The Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge 15 (1): 77-84. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 20, 2010). Citibank and Airasia tie the knot! 2007. http://74.125.153.132/search?q=cache: ww683c27D0IJ:www.airasia.com/site/my/EN/pressRelease.jsp%3Fid%3Db94cffbb-ac1e00ae-1c199190-cf8b2e60+airasia+and+citibank+in+co+branding+in+Malaysia hl=engl=mystrip=1 (accessed March 12, 2010). Desai, K. K., and K. L. Keller. 2002. The Effects of Ingredient Branding Strategies on Host Brand Extendibility. Journal of Marketing 66 (1): 73. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 19, 2010). Dickinson, S. J., and T. Heath. 2008. Cooperative Brand Alliances: How to Generate Positive Evaluations. Australasian Marketing Journal 16 (2): 22. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 18, 2010). Djurovic, V. 2009. Co-branding, a 1+1>2 formula. http://www.articlesbase.com/marketing- articles/cobranding-a-112-formula-881542.html (accessed March 1, 2010). Duracell guarantee. n.d. http://www.duracell.com.au/pages/company-information-duracell- guarantee.asp (accessed March 9, 2010). Buss, D. n.d. Happily ever after? http://www.brandchannel.com/features_effect.asp? pf_id=151 (accessed March 8, 2010). Grossman, R. P. 1997. Co-branding in advertising: developing effective associations. The Journal of Product and Brand Management 6 (3): 191. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 18, 2010). Helmig, B., J. A. Huber, and P. S. H. Leeflang. 2008. Co-branding: The State of The Art. Schmalenbach Business Review 60 (4): 359-377. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed March 3, 2010). Hilton, J. 2007. The Marketing Evolution of Ingredient Co-branding. http://www.nutrasolutions.com/Articles/Feature_Article/BNP_GUID_9-5-2006_A_ 10000000000000118679 (accessed March 2, 2010). Knudsen, T. R., L. Finskud, R. Tornblom and E. Hogna. 1997. Brand consolidation makes a lot of economic sense. The McKinsey Quarterly 4: 189. http://www.questia.com/ googleScholar.qst;jsessionid=LpwDkkZsQj4TM5l6qyJ2Fh11v14JMfHk11MXPnp6dGycyfYFMV7j!226308462!-2102291406?docId=5001525308 (accessed March 3, 2010). Kocherp. 2009. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Co-Branding. http://www.brighthub. com/office/entrepreneurs/articles/46418.aspx?p=2 (accessed March 3, 2010). Kotlet, P., K. L. Keller, and S. Burton. 2009. Marketing Management. Australia: Pearson Education Australia. Leuthesser, L., C. Kohli, and R. Suri. 2002. 2 + 2 = 5? A framework for using co-branding to leverage a brand. Brand Management 11 (1): 35-47. www.marketingritson.com/ documents/week4cobranding.pdf (accessed March 3, 2010). Lindstorm, M. 2002. Brand + Brand = Success, Part 2: Brand Marriage Failure. http://www.clickz.com/988901 (accessed March 8, 2010). Lindstorm, M. 2003. Unorthodox Brand Alliance. http://www.clickz.com/3099131 (accessed March 8, 2010). Nestle in your life: ice cream. n.d. http://www.nestle.com.my/Nestle+In+Your+Life/Our+ Brands/Ice+Cream/ (accessed March 3, 2010). Park, C. W., S. Y. Jun, and A. D. Shocker. 1996. Composite Branding Alliances: An Investigation of Extension and Feedback Effect. Journal of Marketing Research 13 (4): 464. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 21, 2010). Physical Evidence the lifeline for service companies. 2006. http://sevenpsofservicemarketing. blogspot.com/2006/04/physical-evidence-lifeline_114569507522538712.html (accessed March 10, 2010). Rao, A. R., Q. Lu, and R. W. Ruekert. 1999. Signaling Unobservable Product Quality Through a Brand Ally. Journal of Marketing Research 36 (2): 259. http://www.csom. umn.edu (accessed March 5, 2010). Spethmann, B., and K. Benezra. 1994. Sometimes one and one add up to more than two. Ask ConAgra and Kellogg, Nabisco and Subway, or Ocean Spray and Pepsi. http://www.brandweek.com/bw/esearch/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=544878 (accessed March 1, 2010). Ueltschy, L.C., and M. Laroche. (2004). Co-brand internationally: Everyone wins? Journal of Applied Business Research 20 (3): 93. www.cluteinstitute-onlinejournals.com (accessed March 10, 2010).